Modelamiento cinético del procesamiento de minerales lateríticos de níquel por vía pirometalúrgica
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Con el fin de estudiar el comportamiento de minerales lateríticos cuando son sometidos a procesos pirometalúrgicos como el proceso Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF), se trabajaron tres muestras con contenidos de níquel del 2.0, 1.78 y 1.42 %, a las que se les realizó el análisis termodinámico para el proceso de reducción y fusión. Además, fue posible describir el mecanismo que se presenta a través de la interfase metal–escoria que envuelve control mixto, utilizando la segunda ley de Fick y evaluando algunas modificaciones en el proceso para determinar el porcentaje de recuperación del ferroníquel producido. Dentro de las modificaciones del proceso se realizó la adición del 20% de CaO en el proceso de fusión, obteniendo un índice de basicidad entre 0.8-1.0 y consiguiendo una especie mineralógica denominada diópsido (CaMgSi2O6), la cual tiene un punto de fusión de 1396°C. El porcentaje de recuperación de níquel fue de 99.6% y 97.8% de hierro, mostrando la factibilidad de obtener ferroníquel a temperaturas entre1450 - 1550°C.
Abstract: In order to study the behavior of lateritic ores when are treated by pyrometallurgical processes as Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF), three samples were worked. These samples had 2.0, 1.78 and 1.42 % of nickel. A study thermodynamic was done for reduction and smelting processes. In addition, it was possible describe the mechanism that occurs through the interface (slag - metal), it was determined that mixed control was present. Second law’s Fick was used, and it was evaluated some modifications in the process in order to determinate the recuperation percentage of ferronickel produced. The process modifications were CaO addition with 20% in the smelting process, obtained a basicity index between 0.8- 1.0. With these modifications were obtained mineralogical species such as diopside (CaMgSi2O6), with smelting point close to 1396°C. The nickel and iron recuperation percentage was 99.6% and 97.8% respectively, show the feasibility to obtain ferronickel to temperatures between 1450-1550°C.
Abstract: In order to study the behavior of lateritic ores when are treated by pyrometallurgical processes as Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF), three samples were worked. These samples had 2.0, 1.78 and 1.42 % of nickel. A study thermodynamic was done for reduction and smelting processes. In addition, it was possible describe the mechanism that occurs through the interface (slag - metal), it was determined that mixed control was present. Second law’s Fick was used, and it was evaluated some modifications in the process in order to determinate the recuperation percentage of ferronickel produced. The process modifications were CaO addition with 20% in the smelting process, obtained a basicity index between 0.8- 1.0. With these modifications were obtained mineralogical species such as diopside (CaMgSi2O6), with smelting point close to 1396°C. The nickel and iron recuperation percentage was 99.6% and 97.8% respectively, show the feasibility to obtain ferronickel to temperatures between 1450-1550°C.