Iridiscencia en especies biológicas: El escarabajo joya (Euchroma gigantea) y el Colibrí colidorado (Hylocharis eliciae)
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En esta tesis se ha estudiado la iridiscencia de dos especies animales nativas de Colombia. A través de SEM, AFM y microscopía óptica, se ha estimado la estructura interna responsable del fenómeno de iridiscencia por cada especie. Para el escarabajo joya (Euchroma gigantea), se encontró una estructura de múlticapa bien definida compuesta principalmente de quitina y melanina. Adicionalmente, a través del método con matriz de dispersión se especula que la estructura hexagonal presente en la superficie de esternito del vientre podría tener algún tipo de rol en termorregulación, mientras que la iridiscencia obedecería a mecanismos de comunicación visual. De las mediciones hechas con SEM se determinó parte de la estructura interna de las alas del colibrí colidorado (Hylocharis eliciae, en la cual una capa de queratina fue observada a lo largo de todo el borde de la estructura, resultado que es consistente con la literatura y las medidas de rayos x, las cuales predijeron una alta concentración de azufre. Por otro lado, las medidas de reflectividad permitieron estimar la alta reflectividad difusa que presenta la pluma
Abstract. In this thesis the iridescence of two native species of Colombia has been studied. Through SEM, AFM and optical microscopy, the internal structure responsible for the phenomenon of iridescence by each species has been estimated. For the jewel beetle (Euchroma gigantea), a well-defined multilayer structure composed mainly of chitin and melanin was found. Additionally, through the dispersion matrix method, it is speculated that the hexagonal structure present on the sternite surface of the belly may have some kind of role in thermoregulation, whereas the iridescence would obey visual communication mechanisms. SEM measurements determined part of the internal structure of the feathers of the golden-tailed hummingbird (Hylocharis eliciae), in which a layer of keratin was observed along the entire edge of the structure, a result that is consistent with the literature and x-ray measurements, which provided a high concentration of sulfur. On the other hand, the reflectivity measures allowed to estimate the high diffuse reflectivity of the hummingbird’s feather.
Abstract. In this thesis the iridescence of two native species of Colombia has been studied. Through SEM, AFM and optical microscopy, the internal structure responsible for the phenomenon of iridescence by each species has been estimated. For the jewel beetle (Euchroma gigantea), a well-defined multilayer structure composed mainly of chitin and melanin was found. Additionally, through the dispersion matrix method, it is speculated that the hexagonal structure present on the sternite surface of the belly may have some kind of role in thermoregulation, whereas the iridescence would obey visual communication mechanisms. SEM measurements determined part of the internal structure of the feathers of the golden-tailed hummingbird (Hylocharis eliciae), in which a layer of keratin was observed along the entire edge of the structure, a result that is consistent with the literature and x-ray measurements, which provided a high concentration of sulfur. On the other hand, the reflectivity measures allowed to estimate the high diffuse reflectivity of the hummingbird’s feather.