Aerogeles de carbono como soportes catalíticos para la síntesis Fischer -Tropsch
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Briceño Gamba, Nelson Oswaldo
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El uso de materiales carbonosos como soportes catalíticos favorece la dispersión de la fase metálica y la actividad de ésta en la síntesis Fischer – Tropsch, por tanto en este trabajo, se prepararon materiales carbonosos nanoestructurados como los aerogeles de carbono, a través de un proceso de síntesis diseñado para obtener un sólido con textura porosa y química superficial apropiadas para ser empleado como soporte de catalizadores de hierro o cobalto en la producción de combustibles líquidos. Los materiales preparados presentan una estructura mesoporosa regulada por la relación Resorcinol / Catalizador de polimerización y una química superficial esencialmente hidrófóbica, pero con sitios de anclaje suficientes para lograr una buena dispersión de la fase metálica. Se probaron catalizadores de hierro o cobalto en la síntesis Fischer – Tropsch a presión atmosférica, donde estos últimos presentaron los mejores resultados con la producción de hidrocarburos con longitudes de cadena superiores a 7 carbonos, conversiones de monóxido de carbono del 100 % al inicio de la reacción y selectividades a la formación de metano relativamente bajas.
Abstract. The use of carbonaceous materials as catalyst supports helps the dispersion of the metallic phase and its activity in Fischer - Tropsch synthesis, therefore in this paper, carbon nanostructured materials as carbon aerogels were prepared through a designed synthesis process in order to obtain a solid with suitable porous texture and chemical surface to be used as iron or cobalt catalysts support in the liquid fuels production. The obtained materials have a mesoporous structure regulated by the resorcinol / polymerization catalyst ratio and an essentially hydrophobic surface chemistry, but with enough anchoring sites to achieve a good metallic phase dispersion. Iron or cobalt catalysts were tested in the Fischer - Tropsch synthesis at atmospheric pressure, where the latter showed the best results with the production of hydrocarbons with chain lengths greater than 7 carbons, a 100 % carbon monoxide conversion at the beginning of the reaction and selectivities to methane formation relatively low.
Abstract. The use of carbonaceous materials as catalyst supports helps the dispersion of the metallic phase and its activity in Fischer - Tropsch synthesis, therefore in this paper, carbon nanostructured materials as carbon aerogels were prepared through a designed synthesis process in order to obtain a solid with suitable porous texture and chemical surface to be used as iron or cobalt catalysts support in the liquid fuels production. The obtained materials have a mesoporous structure regulated by the resorcinol / polymerization catalyst ratio and an essentially hydrophobic surface chemistry, but with enough anchoring sites to achieve a good metallic phase dispersion. Iron or cobalt catalysts were tested in the Fischer - Tropsch synthesis at atmospheric pressure, where the latter showed the best results with the production of hydrocarbons with chain lengths greater than 7 carbons, a 100 % carbon monoxide conversion at the beginning of the reaction and selectivities to methane formation relatively low.