Determinación del rol del tiburón cazón antillano, Rhizoprionodon porosus (Carcharhinidae) en el flujo de metilmercurio dentro de las redes tróficas del Caribe colombiano.
Cargando...
Archivos
Autores
Rueda Bernal, Ramiro
Director
Tipo de contenido
Document language:
Español
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Documentos PDF
Resumen
El metilmercurio (MeHg) es la forma orgánica más tóxica en la que se puede
encontrar el mercurio. Es una potente neurotoxina cuyo consumo genera graves
consecuencias en la salud de los seres humanos. En Colombia diferentes
actividades generan desechos con mercurio y los ecosistemas marinos suelen ser
los más afectados gracias a la capacidad de bioacumulación y biomagnificación en
especies de diferentes niveles tróficos. Para evaluar el estado de contaminación
por MeHg del Caribe colombiano (CC) y determinar su variación espacio-temporal
se analizaron ejemplares de Rhizoprionodon porosus, un tiburón muy común en la
costa Caribe, como especie centinela. Muestras de tejido y contenido estomacal
fueron colectadas durante diferentes épocas en tres sitios de distintos
departamentos, La Guajira, Bolívar y Atlántico. Las muestras fueron liofilizadas,
posteriormente se les realizó una extracción liquido-liquido con tolueno y cisteína y
usando un analizador directo de mercurio (DMA80) se determinaron las
concentraciones en los tiburones y sus presas. Una vez obtenidos los resultados
se calculó el factor de biomagnificación (FB) del metal en los compartimentos
estudiados de las redes tróficas del CC. En los tres sitios de estudio se detectó la
presencia de MeHg, siendo los sectores adyacentes al rio Magdalena y el rio Sinú
los mayormente afectados. A pesar de que Magdalena y Bolívar representaron los
puntos más alarmantes, en los tres sitios hubo muestras cuyas concentraciones
superan los niveles establecidos como seguros para el consumo según la
Organización Mundial de la Salud. El estadístico de Kruskal-Wallis evidenció
diferencias significativas entre las épocas de muestreo de los diferentes sitios y
con la correlación de Spearman se demostró que existe una relación entre la talla
del individuo y la concentración de MeHg. Se concluyó que R. porosus es una
especie marino costera que se comporta como bioacumulador y biomagnificador
de MeHg en las redes tróficas del mar Caribe colombiano (Texto tomado de la fuente)
The methylmercury is the most toxic organic form that can be found in this metal. It's a powerful neurotoxin wich its consume generates bad consecuences in human health. In Colombia, diferent activities generate wastes with mercury, and the marine ecosystems usually are the most affected because of the capacity of bioaccumulation in species of different trophic levels. To evaluate the state of contamination of MeHg of colombian caribbean (CC) and determinate its spacetemporal variations, there was studied individuals of Rhizoprionodon porosus, a very common shark in the caribbean coast, as a sentinel especies. Flesh samples and stomach content were colected during different seasons in three sites of different regions, La Guajira, Bolivar and Atlántico. The samples were lyophilized and later there was made a liquid-liquid extraction with toluene and cysteine and using a direct analizator of mercury (DMA80) the concentrations in the sharks and their dams were determined. Once the results were found, the factor of biomagnification (FBM) was calculated on CC trophic networks. In the three sites of the study the presence of mercury (MeHg) was detected, being the adjacent sectors of Magdalena and Sinú rivers the mostly affected. Despite that Magdalena and Bolivar represented the most alarming points, in the three sites there were samples wich their concentrations exceed the levels established by the World Health Organization. The statistical of Kruskal-Wallis evidenced siginificative differences between the season of sample on the different sites and correlation of Spearman showed that there is a relation between the size of the individual and the concentration of MeHg. It was demonstrated that R. porosus is a species that accumulate and magnifies MeHg inside the trophic webs of the colombian Caribbean marine ecosystems
The methylmercury is the most toxic organic form that can be found in this metal. It's a powerful neurotoxin wich its consume generates bad consecuences in human health. In Colombia, diferent activities generate wastes with mercury, and the marine ecosystems usually are the most affected because of the capacity of bioaccumulation in species of different trophic levels. To evaluate the state of contamination of MeHg of colombian caribbean (CC) and determinate its spacetemporal variations, there was studied individuals of Rhizoprionodon porosus, a very common shark in the caribbean coast, as a sentinel especies. Flesh samples and stomach content were colected during different seasons in three sites of different regions, La Guajira, Bolivar and Atlántico. The samples were lyophilized and later there was made a liquid-liquid extraction with toluene and cysteine and using a direct analizator of mercury (DMA80) the concentrations in the sharks and their dams were determined. Once the results were found, the factor of biomagnification (FBM) was calculated on CC trophic networks. In the three sites of the study the presence of mercury (MeHg) was detected, being the adjacent sectors of Magdalena and Sinú rivers the mostly affected. Despite that Magdalena and Bolivar represented the most alarming points, in the three sites there were samples wich their concentrations exceed the levels established by the World Health Organization. The statistical of Kruskal-Wallis evidenced siginificative differences between the season of sample on the different sites and correlation of Spearman showed that there is a relation between the size of the individual and the concentration of MeHg. It was demonstrated that R. porosus is a species that accumulate and magnifies MeHg inside the trophic webs of the colombian Caribbean marine ecosystems