Descripción de la situación del evento “contacto traumático por picadura de avispones, avispas y abejas (CIE10 X23)” en Colombia durante el periodo 2009 a 2019
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Ovalle Páez, José David
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Introduction: Africanized bees descendants of Apis mellifera scutellata lepeletier
have reported cases of traumatic contact with humans since they entered the
American continent in 1956. This species has been observed in Colombia since
1982 and there are official records of contact by sting since 2009 This work analyzes
the situation of the ICD10 X23 diagnosis in Colombia, taking as a reference the
databases of the Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO) in the
Individual Registry of Health Services Provision (RIPS) and the death statistics of
the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE). The research is framed
within the description and analysis of animal behavior in its involuntary traumatic
interaction with man. Relevance is given to the Africanized bee within the group of
hymenoptera included in the X23 diagnosis given that it is of special interest to
humans due to the environmental, social, environmental and economic services it
provides, and because of the UN consensus on the urgent need for protect bees and
other pollinators in a sustainable way for the common good (1,2). Which may incur
an increase in their population and consequently a greater traumatic interaction with
humans, taking into account the limitations for registration and follow-up of the event
by contact X23 in Colombia, there is a lack of knowledge of the real impacts on the
health of the population, both direct and secondary. General objective: This work
seeks to describe the situation of the event “traumatic contact due to the sting of
hornets, wasps and bees (ICD10 X23)” in Colombia during the period 2009 to 2019.
Methodology: retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. The study focuses on
the RIPS statistics of the Social Protection Information System (SISPRO) Colombia
2009 to 2019, as well as the DANE vital statistics. A review was made of all the
specific records corresponding to the data of people treated and deaths of the ICD10
X23 diagnosis - traumatic contact by hornets, wasps and bees (Africanized bee).
Results: the prevalence of traumatic contact by hornets, wasps and bees
(Africanized bee) in Colombia during the period 2009 to 2019 was 0.053% with a
total of 25,282 reported cases. Fatal outcomes due to traumatic contact with hornets,
wasps and bees (Africanized bee) represented 0.4434 of expected deaths per
100,000 inhabitants, and a lethality of 0.85% during the study period in Colombia;
mortality by sex, especially in males, corresponds to 0.82%. It was estimated based
on other sources of information that 0,32% could correspond to traumatic contacts
caused by bees and 0,59% from wasps. Conclusions: traumatic contact with
hornets, wasps and bees (Africanized bee) and deaths from the same cause during
the study period, occur more frequently in departments where the chain of bees and
beekeeping of the Ministry of agriculture registers the highest honey production in
Colombia. It is important to take into account the different agroindustrial phenomena
and those related to climate change.
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