Estudio del microbioma intestinal de Zophobas morio (Coleóptera: Tenebrionidae) como aproximación al uso potencial para la biodegradación del poliestireno.

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dc.contributor.advisorLópez Álvarez, Diana Carolina
dc.contributor.advisorRojas Triviño, Edwison Alberto
dc.contributor.authorMartínez López, Luisa María
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Diversidad Biológicaspa
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-30T20:58:37Z
dc.date.available2024-01-30T20:58:37Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionIlustraciones, tablas, gráficasspa
dc.description.abstractEl Poliestireno expandido (EPS) es un polímero sintético de uso común en diferentes industrias, principalmente en las de embalaje y construcción. Debido a su composición química a base de cadenas largas de hidrocarburos, el EPS posee una estabilidad molecular que le permite permanecer inmodificable por cientos de años lo que genera un impacto negativo sobre el medio ambiente, ya que no es un sustrato nutritivo para ningún microorganismo o se desconocía para cuál. En la actualidad, se ha reportado que larvas de coleópteros de la familia Tenebrionidae pueden biodegradarlo gracias a enzimas producidas por su microbiota intestinal. Considerando lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar la microbiota intestinal de larvas de Zophobas morio como aproximación al uso potencial para la biodegradación del Poliestireno (PS), empleando metabarcoding. Para esto se realizó secuenciación Illumina Miseq de la región V3-4 del gen 16s del ARNr de larvas de Z. morio alimentadas con dos tipos de dietas, EPS y Avena. Adicionalmente, a través de la plataforma de secuenciación Hiseq2500 se obtuvo el metagenoma completo de una de las muestras alimentadas con EPS. Con los resultados de la secuenciación se analizó la composición taxonómica, abundancia relativa de las bacterias y finalmente se realizó un análisis metabólico del microbioma obtenido de las larvas alimentadas con EPS. El análisis metagenómico permitió identificar que el género Spiroplasma presentó una abundancia relativa de 61,6 %, seguido de Pantoea (19,3%), Enterobacter (5%) y Pseudarthrobacter (4,7%). Otros géneros presentes fueron Kluyvera georgiana, Enterococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Clostridium sp., y Romboutsia sp. Se asume a estos géneros como los microorganismos más promisorios que influyen en la biodegradación del EPS. Los resultados obtenidos podrían ser incluidos en trabajos futuros donde se analice la actividad biológica y de biodegradación de microorganismos pertenecientes a los géneros encontrados. (Texto tomadode la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractExpanded Polystyrene (EPS) is a synthetic polymer commonly used in different industries, mainly in packaging and construction. Due to its chemical composition based on long hydrocarbon chains, EPS has a molecular stability that allows it to remain unchanged for hundreds of years, which generates a negative impact on the environment, since it is not a nutritious substrate for any microorganism, or it was unknown for which one. Currently, it has been reported that beetle larvae of the Tenebrionidae family can biodegrade it thanks to enzymes produced by their intestinal microbiota. Considering the above, the objective of this research was to characterize the intestinal microbiota of Zophobas morio larvae as an approach to the potential use for the biodegradation of Polystyrene, using metabarcoding. For this, the Illumina Miseq sequence of the V3-4 region of the 16s rRNA gene of Z. morio larvae fed with two types of diets, PE and Oats, was performed. Additionally, through the Hiseq2500 sequencing platform, the complete metagenome of one of the samples fed with EPS was obtained. With the results of the sequencing, the taxonomic composition, the relative abundance of the bacteria was analyzed and finally a metabolic analysis of the microbiome obtained from the larvae fed with EPS was carried out. The metagenomic analysis allowed us to identify that the genus Spiroplasma presented a relative abundance of 61.6%, followed by Pantoea (19.3%), Enterobacter (5%) and Pseudarthrobacter (4.7%). Other genera present were Kluyvera georgiana, Enterococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Clostridium sp., and Romboutsia sp. These genera are assumed to be the most promising microorganisms that influence the biodegradation of EPS. The results obtained could be included in future works where the biological activity and biodegradation of microorganisms belonging to the found genera are analyzed. Keywords: Polystyrene, EPS, metagenomics, metabarcoding, biodegradation, Coleoptera.eng
dc.description.curricularareaIngeniería.Sede Palmiraspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Ambientalspa
dc.description.methodsExtracción de ADN total. Secuenciación masiva empleando amplificaciones y genomas completos. Análisis bioinformáticos. Composición taxonómica y abundancia relativa de bacterias. Análisis metabólico del microbioma obtenido del Metagenoma del tracto digestivo de larvas de Z. morio alimentadas con poliestireno expandido. Control de calidad de las secuencias y remoción de artefactos. Extracción de características. Anotación de características. Filtrado de proteínas, Agrupando AA, Identificación de proteínas, Agrupación de ARNr, Identificación de ARNr, Generación de perfiles.spa
dc.description.notescontiene material didáctico, ilustraciones y tablasspa
dc.description.researchareaCiencias omicas y Bioinformaticaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipConvocatoria de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira por medio de la plataforma Hermes.spa
dc.format.extentxv, 75 + anexosspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85544
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Palmiraspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería y Administraciónspa
dc.publisher.placePalmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programPalmira - Ingeniería y Administración - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Ambientalspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocMicrobiomas
dc.subject.agrovocMicrobiomes
dc.subject.agrovocDiversidad microbiana
dc.subject.agrovocMicrobial diversity
dc.subject.agrovocActividad enzimática
dc.subject.agrovocEnzyme activity
dc.subject.agrovocTenebrionidae
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::573 - Sistemas fisiológicos específicos en animales, histología regional y fisiología en los animalesspa
dc.subject.proposalEPSspa
dc.subject.proposalMetabarcodingspa
dc.subject.proposalPoliestirenospa
dc.subject.proposalMetagenómicaspa
dc.subject.proposalBiodegradaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalColeópterosspa
dc.subject.proposalEPSeng
dc.subject.proposalMetabarcodingeng
dc.subject.proposalColeopteraeng
dc.subject.proposalMetagenomicseng
dc.subject.proposalBiodegradationeng
dc.subject.proposalPolystyreneeng
dc.titleEstudio del microbioma intestinal de Zophobas morio (Coleóptera: Tenebrionidae) como aproximación al uso potencial para la biodegradación del poliestireno.spa
dc.title.translatedStudy of the intestinal microbiome of Zophobas morio (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) as an approach to the potential use for the biodegradation of polystyrene.spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleEstudio del microbioma intestinal de Zophobas morio (Coleóptera: Tenebrionidae) como aproximación al uso potencial para la biodegradación del poliestirenospa
oaire.fundernameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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