Caracterización morfológica, molecular y patogénica de Pestalotiopsis sp. Agente causante de la enfermedad del clavo en la guayaba (Psidium guajava) y evaluación in-vitro de biofungicidas.

Abstract

Psidium guajava L (Guayaba), es una especie de árbol frutal de gran importancia económica a nivel mundial debido a su exquisito aroma y sabor, a sus propiedades alimenticias y medicinales, se cultiva principalmente en Asia, América Central y Hawái. Esta especie es afectada por enfermedades como Roya, Antracnosis y Pestalotiopsis (clavo de la guayaba); sin embrago, es la última la que se reporta frecuentemente a nivel mundial como la más limitante, es causada por Pestalotiopsis spp. y ocasiona lesiones en los frutos y pérdida de su calidad y valor comercial. En este trabajo se estudió la caracterización de aislamientos de Pestalotiopsis spp., asociados a la enfermedad del clavo de la guayaba en las variedades más importantes cultivadas en Colombia, se analizó la morfología, patogenicidad y diversidad genética usando cebadores Ap-PCR y análisis de genes múltiples de las regiones ITS, β-tubulina y Tef-1. Se determinó que los aislamientos poseen una alta diversidad genética, patogénica y morfológica, y que dicha diversidad, no está relacionada con la procedencia, cultivar o tejido de donde fueron aislados. De 69 aislamientos incluidos en el análisis de genes múltiples, se encontró por lo menos 13 especies diferentes. aqui termina el resumen en español. / Abstract. Abstract starts here Psidium guajava L. (Guava), is a species of fruit tree of great economic importance worldwide due to its exquisite aroma and flavor and nutritional and medicinal properties, is grown mainly in Asia, Central America and Hawaii. This species is affected by diseases such as rust, anthracnose and Pestalotiopsis (guava scrab disease), it is reported worldwide as the most limiting disease caused by Pestalotiopsis spp. and causes injuries and loss of fruit quality and commercial value. In this paper the characterization of isolates of Pestalotiopsis spp. In this study, its association with nail disease of guava in the major varieties grown in Colombia, morphology, pathogenicity and genetic diversity were analyzed using primers Ap-PCR and analysis of multiple genes ITS regions, β-tubulin and Tef-1. It was determined that have isolates a high genetic, morphological and pathogenic diversity and that this diversity is not related to the origin, cultivar or tissue from which they were isolated. Of 69 isolates included in the multiple genes analysis, were found at least 13 different species.

Abstract: Psidium guajava L. (Guava), is a species of fruit tree of great economic importance worldwide due to its exquisite aroma and flavor and nutritional and medicinal properties, is grown mainly in Asia, Central America and Hawaii. This species is affected by diseases such as rust, anthracnose and Pestalotiopsis (guava scrab disease), it is reported worldwide as the most limiting disease caused by Pestalotiopsis spp. and causes injuries and loss of fruit quality and commercial value. In this paper the characterization of isolates of Pestalotiopsis spp. In this study, its association with nail disease of guava in the major varieties grown in Colombia, morphology, pathogenicity and genetic diversity were analyzed using primers Ap-PCR and analysis of multiple genes ITS regions, β-tubulin and Tef-1. It was determined that have isolates a high genetic, morphological and pathogenic diversity and that this diversity is not related to the origin, cultivar or tissue from which they were isolated. Of 69 isolates included in the multiple genes analysis, were found at least 13 different species.