Biorrefinación de los subproductos de la agroindustria vinícola del Valle del Cauca por medio de la obtención de sustancias bioactivas empleando extracción con fluidos supercríticos y con líquidos presurizados

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dc.contributor.advisorCastro Vargas, Henry Isaac
dc.contributor.advisorParada Alfonso, Fabián
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Sánchez, Jhonattan
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Química de Alimentos
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-24T14:28:09Z
dc.date.available2026-03-24T14:28:09Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractSe desarrolló un proceso multietapa para la biorrefinación de residuos de uva Isabella (Vitis labrusca L.), con el propósito de obtener extractos bioactivos (ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) y compuestos fenólicos (CF)), empleando secuencialmente extracción con fluidos presurizados. Inicialmente, se optimizó la extracción con fluidos supercríticos utilizando CO2 (EFS-CO2) para recuperar la fracción lipofílica. Posteriormente, el orujo desgrasado obtenido del paso EFS-CO2 se usó para recuperar las fracciones de polaridad media a alta (es decir, CF) mediante extracción con CO2 supercrítico y etanol como cosolvente (EFS-CO2/EtOH) y extracciones con mezclas de etanol:agua presurizada (ELP), de forma independiente. El EFS-CO2/EtOH se exploró con tres niveles de etanol, mientras que el EFS-CO2 y ELP se optimizaron con diseño central compuesto. Los CF obtenidos se caracterizaron considerando los contenidos de flavonoides, antocianinas y taninos, además de sus propiedades antioxidantes. Los pasos EFS-CO2, EFS-CO2/EtOH y ELP proporcionaron rendimientos de extracción superiores al 6%, 9% y 14%, respectivamente. La fracción lipofílica mostró un alto contenido de ácido linoleico y ácido oleico, además, de un contenido minoritario de CF. Tanto EFS-CO2/EtOH como ELP permitieron la recuperación de CF. La fracción EFS-CO2/EtOH contenía principalmente flavonoides, mientras que la fracción ELP contenía principalmente taninos. Todas las fracciones polares mostraron propiedades para eliminar radicales libres. Los resultados sugieren que mediante un proceso multietapa EFS-ELP es posible recuperar extractos bioactivos de los residuos vinícolas, que pueden considerarse como promisorios aditivos funcionales para productos alimentarios, cosméticos o farmacéuticos. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractA multistep process was developed for the biorefining of Isabella grape residues (Vitis labrusca L.) in bioactive substances (polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and phenolic compounds (PC)), using sequentially extraction with pressurized fluids. Initially, extraction with supercritical fluids was optimized using CO2 (SFE-CO2) to recover the lipophilic fraction. Subsequently, the defatted pomace obtained from the SFE-CO2 step was used to recover the medium to high polarity fractions (i.e., PC) by extraction with supercritical CO2 and ethanol as cosolvent (SFE-CO2/EtOH) and extractions with pressurized mixtures of ethanol-water (PLE) independently. The SFE-CO2/EtOH was explored with three levels of ethanol, while the SFE-CO2 and PLE was optimized with a central composite design. The obtained PC were characterized considering the content of flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins, in addition to their antioxidant properties. The SFE-CO2, SFE-CO2/EtOH and PLE steps provided extraction yields greater than 6%, 9% and 14%, respectively. The lipophilic fraction showed a high content of linoleic acid and oleic acid, in addition to a minor content of PC. Both the SFE-CO2/EtOH and PLE steps allowed the recovery of PC; the SFE-CO2/EtOH fraction contained mainly flavonoids, while the PLE fraction contained mainly tannins. All polar fractions showed properties to eliminate free radicals. The results suggest that through a multistage SFE-PLE process it is possible to recover bioactive substances from wine residues, which can be considered as functional additives for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos
dc.description.researchareaProcesamiento de Alimentos
dc.format.extentxv, 100 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89779
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analítica
dc.subject.lembVINICULTURAspa
dc.subject.lembWine and wine makingeng
dc.subject.lembEXTRACTOS VEGETALESspa
dc.subject.lembPlant Extractseng
dc.subject.lembACIDOS ORGANICOSspa
dc.subject.lembAcids, organiceng
dc.subject.lembORUJO DE UVAspa
dc.subject.lembGrape pomaceeng
dc.subject.proposalVitis labrusca L.spa
dc.subject.proposalSubproductos de la Uva Isabelaspa
dc.subject.proposalProceso de Extracción Verdespa
dc.subject.proposalExtracción con Fluidos Supercríticosspa
dc.subject.proposalExtracción con Líquidos Presurizadosspa
dc.subject.proposalAditivos Funcionalesspa
dc.subject.proposalActividad Antioxidantespa
dc.subject.proposalWine By-productseng
dc.subject.proposalGreen Extraction Processeng
dc.subject.proposalFunctional Additiveseng
dc.subject.proposalAntioxidant Activityeng
dc.titleBiorrefinación de los subproductos de la agroindustria vinícola del Valle del Cauca por medio de la obtención de sustancias bioactivas empleando extracción con fluidos supercríticos y con líquidos presurizadosspa
dc.title.translatedBiorefining of by-products from the wine agro-industry of the Valle del Cauca by obtaining bioactive substances using supercritical fluid extraction and pressurized liquidseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEspecializada
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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