Evaluación de la cristalización de grasas derivadas de aceite de palma como agentes aglutinantes en sazonadores en polvo prensados

dc.contributor.advisorFuenmayor Bobadilla, Carlos Albertospa
dc.contributor.advisorGuitérrez Álvarez, Luis Felipespa
dc.contributor.authorHiguera Pedraza, Santiago Fernandospa
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-23T19:18:17Z
dc.date.available2022-03-23T19:18:17Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-15
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractSe evaluó el proceso de cristalización de dos grasas derivadas del aceite de palma con diferentes puntos de fusión, durante el proceso de maduración, a -15°C, 4°C y 20°C por 12 horas, de una formulación de sazonador en polvo prensado, así como su efecto en las propiedades fisicoquímicas de humedad, factor de flujo y textura, y facilidad de uso por parte de consumidores. El proceso de cristalización fue estudiado por medio de las técnicas de calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC) y difracción de rayos X (XRD). La humedad fue medida por medio de una balanza infrarrojo y el factor de flujo mediante el instrumento Powder Flow Tester (PFT). Las propiedades de textura fueron evaluadas utilizando un analizador de textura y a través de un panel de desmenuzabilidad con 30 consumidores. Se logró evidenciar que la temperatura de maduración afecta el factor de flujo (ffc) de los sazonadores formados manteniendo su clasificación como polvos cohesivos (2<ffc<4) mientras que eliminando la grasa el sazonador pasa a ser altamente cohesivo (ffc>2) a las temperaturas de 4°C y 20°C de maduración. Por otro lado, la humedad de las muestras no se vio significativamente afectada (p>0.05) por la temperatura de maduración, pero si resultó ser significativamente mayor (p<0.05) en comparación con la muestra sin grasa para las tres temperaturas de maduración. Se lograron identificar principalmente cristales tipo β´ en las grasas, y cambios en su morfología durante la interacción con el sazonador. Comparativamente, se obtuvieron tabletas de menor dureza y más fáciles de desmenuzar con la grasa de menor punto de fusión a la menor temperatura de maduración (-15°C). Si bien este comportamiento se verificó en las tabletas elaboradas a escala piloto, en el proceso a escala industrial la diferencia en la facilidad de desmenuzar para los consumidores no fue significativa, subrayando la importancia de validar estos procesos en condiciones reales de producción. Estos resultados son de interés para la industria de caldos, puesto que establece las condiciones adecuadas para la etapa de maduración, crucial en la obtención de productos de alta calidad para los consumidores, y permite seguir avanzando en la investigación de matrices reales y sus componentes. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractCrystallization process of two fats derived from palm oil with difference in their melting point during the maturation, at -15°C, 4°C and 20°C for 12 hours, of a standard bouillon formulation as its effect on the physical and chemical properties as relative humidity, flow factor, texture and consumer use easiness were evaluated. Crystal formation was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Relative humidity was measured by a halogen moisture analyzer and flow factor by the Powder Flow Tester. Texture properties were evaluated using a texture analyzer and with a 30 consumer crumbliness sensory evaluation. Results showed that maturation temperature affects the flow factor (ffc) of the bouillons maintaining its classification as cohesive powders (2<ffc<4) while eliminating any fat from the formula turns the classification into a highly cohesive powder (ffc<2) at 4°C and 20”C maturation temperatures. On the other hand, samples humidity was not significantly affected (p>0.05) by maturation temperature but it was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with the free fat sample for the three maturation temperatures evaluated. β´ crystals in the fat samples and changes in their morphology due to interaction with bouillon components were identified. In contrast, softer and easier to crumble bouillon cubes formed were obtained with the least melting point fat at the coldest maturation temperature (-15°C). Although this behavior could be verified with the cubes formed pilot scale, in the industrial process the crumbliness evaluated by consumers was not significantly different between samples highlighting the importance of validating this process at real production conditions. These results are of interest for the bouillon industry while it establishes adequate conditions for the maturation stage, highly important for obtaining superior quality products and allows for advancing in the investigation of real foods and their components.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentosspa
dc.description.researchareaDiseño y desarrollo de productos alimenticiosspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 93 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81332
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (ICTA)spa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentosspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.lembPalm-oileng
dc.subject.lembAceite de palmaspa
dc.subject.lembSpiceseng
dc.subject.lembEspeciasspa
dc.subject.lembOils and fats, Edibleeng
dc.subject.lembAceites y grasas comestiblesspa
dc.subject.proposalCristalizaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalPolimorfismospa
dc.subject.proposalAceite de palmaspa
dc.subject.proposalFatseng
dc.subject.proposalFat crystallizationeng
dc.subject.proposalBouilloneng
dc.subject.proposalPolymorphismeng
dc.subject.proposalPalm oileng
dc.subject.proposalGrasasspa
dc.titleEvaluación de la cristalización de grasas derivadas de aceite de palma como agentes aglutinantes en sazonadores en polvo prensadosspa
dc.title.translatedEvaluation of the crystallization process of palm oil-derived fats as binding agents in bouillonseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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