Quimeras peptídicas como estrategia para el diseño de agentes citotóxicos contra el cáncer de cuello uterino

dc.contributor.advisorGarcía Castañeda, Javier Eduardospa
dc.contributor.advisorRivera Monroy, Jhon Erickspa
dc.contributor.authorArdila Chantré, Nataliaspa
dc.contributor.cvlacNatalia Ardila Chantré [0000116692]
dc.contributor.orcidNatalia Ardila-Chantré [0000000174914508]
dc.contributor.researchgroupSíntesis y Aplicación de Moléculas Peptídicas
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-02T20:25:09Z
dc.date.available2025-09-02T20:25:09Z
dc.date.issued2025-08
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEl incremento sostenido de la mortalidad y morbilidad del cáncer a nivel mundial ha llevado a tomar medidas para mitigar su impacto. La concientización de la población a reducir los factores de riesgo, el diagnóstico temprano y la búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos más eficaces, selectivos y de amplía cobertura han sido prioridad de los sistemas de salud. Los tratamientos sistémicos (quimioterapéuticos) son los más utilizados en el tratamiento del cáncer, por esto es de suma importancia la búsqueda, investigación y desarrollo de nuevos compuestos con actividad citotóxica. Los péptidos representan una importante alternativa gracias a su amplio espectro de actividad, inocuidad, seguridad y facilidad de obtención a escala de laboratorio para fines de investigación y desarrollo. En este contexto, en este trabajo se diseñaron e identificaron nuevas moléculas de naturaleza peptídica en forma de quimeras, que se definen como constructos no naturales obtenidos a partir de la unión de dos o más secuencias bioactivas. Para esto, se diseñaron, sintetizaron y evaluaron diversas quimeras peptídicas inspiradas en la secuencia RRWQWR, que es considerada el motivo mínimo de actividad antibacteriana y anticancerígena, de la Lactoferricina Bovina. Esta secuencia fue conjugada con diferentes secuencias funcionales como: péptidos anticancerígenos, péptidos dirigidos a células de cáncer de cuello uterino y péptidos de internalización celular. De esta forma se obtuvieron y evaluaron varias clases de quimeras: directas, invertidas, con reemplazo de arginina por lisina, diméricas, con diferentes enlazadores y truncadas. Las quimeras y los péptidos precursores fueron obtenidos mediante la síntesis de péptidos en fase sólida utilizando la estrategia Fmoc/tBu manual, purificados por extracción en fase sólida y caracterizados por cromatografía RP-HPLC y espectrometría de masas. La citotoxicidad in vitro de los péptidos fue determinada sobre las líneas celulares humanas de cáncer cervical HeLa y Ca Ski por medio del ensayo MTT. Los resultados muestran que todos los péptidos fueron obtenidos con alta pureza y la masa experimental correspondió con la masa teórica. Algunas quimeras peptídicas exhibieron actividad citotóxica significativa, rápida y selectiva contra las células cancerosas evaluadas, específicamente aquellas que contenían secuencias de péptidos anticancerígenos y péptidos de internalización celular. El efecto citotóxico ejercido por los péptidos quiméricos fue dependiente de la concentración del péptido, lo que permitió la determinación de los valores de IC50 y el índice de selectividad. El péptido KKWQWK-Ahx-RLLRRLLR presentó la mejor selectividad y su actividad citotóxica fue dependiente de la concentración, rápida y de larga duración (48 h). Este péptido también presentó citotoxicidad sobre líneas celulares de cáncer de mama, próstata y colon. La muerte celular inducida sobre células HeLa por este péptido está asociada a la vía apoptótica y muestra activación de caspasas; además, tiene la capacidad de internalizarse en la célula cancerosa y localizarse en el núcleo y citoplasma para ejercer su actividad. Estas quimeras peptídicas pueden ser consideradas moléculas prometedoras para realizar ensayos preclínicos como parte del proceso de investigación y desarrollo de nuevos fármacos para el tratamiento del cáncer ya que pueden funcionar como sistema de transporte e internalización de moléculas peptídicas bioactivas en células cancerosas. Los resultados sugieren que la estrategia de formación de quimeras peptídicas constituye una alternativa viable y útil para el diseño de péptidos terapéuticos con actividad citotóxica contra el cáncer de cuello uterino. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThe persistent rise in cancer mortality and morbidity worldwide has prompted the implementation of measures to mitigate its impact. Increasing public awareness to reduce risk factors, promoting early diagnosis, and pursuing new, more effective, selective, and broadly applicable treatments have become priorities for health systems. Systemic treatments, particularly chemotherapeutics, are the most commonly used approaches in cancer therapy; therefore, the search for, research into, and development of new compounds with cytotoxic activity is of paramount importance. Peptides offer a promising alternative due to their wide range of activity, safety, and the ease with which they can be synthesized at a laboratory scale for research and development purposes. In this context, this study focused on designing and identifying novel peptide-based molecules in the form of chimeras, which are defined as non-natural constructs created by the fusion of two or more bioactive sequences. To accomplish this, various peptide chimeras inspired by the sequence RRWQWR, which is considered the minimal motif of antibacterial and anticancer activity of Bovine Lactoferricin, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. This sequence was conjugated with different functional sequences, including anticancer peptides, peptides targeting cervical cancer cells, and peptides for cell internalization. In this way, several types of chimeras were obtained and evaluated: direct, inverted, with replacement of arginine by lysine, dimeric, with different linkers and truncated. Chimeras and precursor peptides were obtained by solid-phase peptide synthesis using the manual Fmoc/tBu strategy, purified by solid-phase extraction and characterized by RP- RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the peptides was determined on human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and Ca Ski using the MTT assay. The results indicate that all peptides were obtained with high purity and that the experimental mass corresponded with the theoretical mass. Notably, some peptide chimeras exhibited significant, rapid, and selective cytotoxic activity against the evaluated cancer cells, particularly those containing sequences from anticancer peptides and cell penetrating peptides. The cytotoxic effect of the chimeric peptides was concentration-dependent, allowing for the determination of IC50 values and selectivity indexes. Among them, the peptide KKWQWK-Ahx-RLLRRLLR exhibited the highest selectivity, and its cytotoxic activity was concentration-dependent, rapid, and long-lasting (up to 48 hours). This peptide also exhibited cytotoxicity against breast, prostate, and colon cancer cell lines. The cell death induced by this peptide in HeLa cells is associated with the apoptotic pathway and shows caspase activation. Furthermore, the peptide has the ability to internalize into cancer cells and localize in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, where it exerts its activity. These chimeras represent promising candidates for preclinical trials as part of the research and development process for new drugs for cancer treatments, serving as a transport and internalization system for bioactive peptide molecules within cancer cells. The results suggest that the strategy of forming peptide chimeras is a viable and effective alternative for designing therapeutic peptides with cytotoxic properties against cervical cancer.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ciencias Farmacéuticasspa
dc.description.researchareaPéptidos como agentes terapéuticosspa
dc.format.extentxiv, 255 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88557
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Doctorado en Ciencias Farmacéuticasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::571 - Fisiología y temas relacionadosspa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::572 - Bioquímicaspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::615 - Farmacología y terapéuticaspa
dc.subject.decsPéptidosspa
dc.subject.decsPeptideseng
dc.subject.decsLínea Celular Tumoralspa
dc.subject.decsCell Line, Tumoreng
dc.subject.decsNeoplasias del Cuello Uterinospa
dc.subject.decsUterine Cervical Neoplasmseng
dc.subject.decsCitotoxinasspa
dc.subject.decsCytotoxinseng
dc.subject.proposalQuimeras peptídicasspa
dc.subject.proposalLactoferricina Bovinaspa
dc.subject.proposalCitotoxicidadspa
dc.subject.proposalCáncer de cuello uterinospa
dc.subject.proposalApoptosisspa
dc.subject.proposalChimeric peptideseng
dc.subject.proposalBovine lactoferricineng
dc.subject.proposalCytotoxicityeng
dc.subject.proposalCervical cancereng
dc.subject.proposalApoptosiseng
dc.titleQuimeras peptídicas como estrategia para el diseño de agentes citotóxicos contra el cáncer de cuello uterinospa
dc.title.translatedChimeric peptides as a strategy for the design of cytotoxic agents against cervical cancereng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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