Grados de riesgo para la adherencia terapéutica en los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en personas con hipertensión arterial

Abstract

Introducción: La salud y la calidad de vida de las personas en Colombia se ve actualmente afectada por las enfermedades cardiovasculares, entre las que se destaca la hipertensión arterial como el principal precursor de estas, con un nivel de adherencia seriamente comprometido, pese a existir actualmente un tratamiento efectivo para su control. Metodología: Se elaboró un estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo con un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple en 282 personas con hipertensión arterial en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, a través de la aplicación del instrumento para evaluar los factores que influyen en la adherencia a los tratamientos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos en pacientes con factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en su cuarta versión. Resultados: El bajo nivel socioeconómico y educativo y las dimensiones evaluadas del instrumento describen una categorización del riesgo de adherencia significativamente comprometida que se manifiesta en grados adherencias deficientes, cuyo peligro consiste en no generar o mantener comportamientos compatibles con la adherencia terapéutica esperada. Conclusiones: Más del 50% de la población hipertensa evaluada se encuentra en un grado de adherencia global en riesgo medio y alto, lo que simboliza un preocupante pronóstico del comportamiento de la adherencia en este grupo poblacional y que podría verse reflejado en una sumatoria de complicaciones cardiovasculares a corto y largo plazo derivadas de un significativo porcentaje de factores negativos influyentes e intervinientes. / Abstract. Introduction: The health and quality of life of people in Colombia is currently affected by cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension stands out as the main precursor of these, with a seriously compromised grip level, although there currently an effective treatment for control. Methodology: We conducted a study, quantitative and descriptive with a simple random probability sampling in 282 people with hypertension at the University Hospital of Santander, through the application of the instrument to assess the factors that influence adherence to drug treatment and non-drug in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in its fourth version. Results: Low education and socioeconomic status and the assessed dimensions of the instrument described a categorization of the risk of adhesion significantly compromised degrees manifested in poor adhesion, the danger is not to create or maintain behavior consistent with expected adherence. Conclusions: Over 50% of the hypertensive population is evaluated on a global level of adhesion medium and high risk, which symbolizes a disturbing forecast of adherence behavior in this population and could be reflected in a summation of cardiovascular complications and long-term resulting from a significant percentage of influential and negative factors involved.

Introduction: The health and quality of life of people in Colombia is currently affected by cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension stands out as the main precursor of these, with a seriously compromised grip level, although there currently an effective treatment for control. Methodology: We conducted a study, quantitative and descriptive with a simple random probability sampling in 282 people with hypertension at the University Hospital of Santander, through the application of the instrument to assess the factors that influence adherence to drug treatment and non-drug in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in its fourth version. Results: Low education and socioeconomic status and the assessed dimensions of the instrument described a categorization of the risk of adhesion significantly compromised degrees manifested in poor adhesion, the danger is not to create or maintain behavior consistent with expected adherence. Conclusions: Over 50% of the hypertensive population is evaluated on a global level of adhesion medium and high risk, which symbolizes a disturbing forecast of adherence behavior in this population and could be reflected in a summation of cardiovascular complications and long-term resulting from a significant percentage of influential and negative factors involved.