Estudio de diferentes bioadsorbentes como posibles retenedores de fosfatos en aguas
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Moreno Marenco, Astrid Roxanna
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La adsorción de iones fosfato en solución acuosa fue estudiada empleando dos tipos de bioadsorbentes identificados como borra de café (BC) y exoesqueleto de camarón (EC), evaluando el efecto del pH, tiempo de contacto, concentración inicial y dosificación de bioadsorbente en modo batch y con los parámetros obtenidos se hizo un ensayo en columna empacada. Los resultados del proceso de adsorción fueron ajustados a los modelos cinéticos y de equilibrio. Los resultados experimentales indican que ambos materiales presentan adsorción de fosfatos, sin embargo se encontró un mayor porcentaje de adsorción para el exoesqueleto de camarón (98,10%) a pH 6,0; tiempo de contacto de 12 h, concentración inicial de 10,0 mg/L y dosificación del 5% (p/v), respecto a la borra de café (95,06%) a pH 2,0; tiempo de contacto de 6 h, concentración inicial de 10,0 mg/L y dosificación del 5% (p/v). Se evidenció que los procesos se ajustan a los modelos de pseudo-segundo orden y de difusión intrapartícula (r2 0,99), también se ajustaron bien a los modelos de Langmuir y Freundlich. La caracterización del material se hizo por adsorción con nitrógeno a 77 K, espectroscopía Infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), análisis elemental y punto de carga cero (PCC). Los resultados obtenidos de la caracterización indican la presencia de grupos funcionales tales como hidroxilos, carboxilos y grupos nitrogenados, además de componentes inorgánicos como Ca, los cuales pueden estar involucrados en el proceso de adsorción.
Abstract. The adsorption of phosphate ions in an aqueous solution were studied using two types of biosorbents identified as spent coffee grounds (BC) and shrimp shell (EC), evaluating the effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration and dosage of biosorbent in batch mode and with the parameters obtained was made a test in packed column. The adsorption results were adjusted to kinetic and equilibrium models, as well as the results of a packed column test. Experimental results indicate that both materials exhibit phosphate adsorption, however a higher rate of adsorption was found for the shrimp shell (98.10%) at pH 6.0, contact time of 12 h, initial concentration of 10.0 mg/L and dosage of 5% (w/v) with respect to the spent coffee grounds (95.06%) to pH 2.0, contact time of 6 hours, initial concentration of 10.0 mg/L and dosage of 5% (w/v). It was evident that the processes are consistent with models of pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion (r2 0.99); they also fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The characterization of the material was made by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), elemental analysis and point of zero charge (PZC). The results obtained from characterization indicate the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and nitrogen groups, and inorganic components such as Ca, which may be involved in the adsorption process.
Abstract. The adsorption of phosphate ions in an aqueous solution were studied using two types of biosorbents identified as spent coffee grounds (BC) and shrimp shell (EC), evaluating the effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration and dosage of biosorbent in batch mode and with the parameters obtained was made a test in packed column. The adsorption results were adjusted to kinetic and equilibrium models, as well as the results of a packed column test. Experimental results indicate that both materials exhibit phosphate adsorption, however a higher rate of adsorption was found for the shrimp shell (98.10%) at pH 6.0, contact time of 12 h, initial concentration of 10.0 mg/L and dosage of 5% (w/v) with respect to the spent coffee grounds (95.06%) to pH 2.0, contact time of 6 hours, initial concentration of 10.0 mg/L and dosage of 5% (w/v). It was evident that the processes are consistent with models of pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion (r2 0.99); they also fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The characterization of the material was made by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), elemental analysis and point of zero charge (PZC). The results obtained from characterization indicate the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and nitrogen groups, and inorganic components such as Ca, which may be involved in the adsorption process.