Efectos del consumo de Omegas 6 y 3 sobre los niveles de ácido araquidónico y su asociación con la adicción a la comida en adultos obesos: Un estudio piloto
| dc.contributor.advisor | Elpidia Poveda, Elpidia | spa |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Agudelo Cañas, Samantha | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Morales Basto, Juan Pablo | spa |
| dc.contributor.corporatename | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup | Alimentación y Nutrición Humana | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-08-26T03:57:49Z | spa |
| dc.date.available | 2020-08-26T03:57:49Z | spa |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-03-05 | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | The obesity is considered the 21st century pandemic and its prevalence in the world is increasing, this pattern is observed in Colombia according to the results of the ENSIN 2010 and 2015. This disease is caused by an energy imbalance lead by a low energy expenditure in sedentary individuals and overconsumption of high energy foods, which can be considered as an addictive like behavior in specific conditions determined in the Yale food addiction scale. The neurobiological and behavioral changes exhibited in obese people with food addiction can be associated to the activity of the endocannabinoid system in the central nervous system, given the fact that obese population have high rates of consumption of food rich in linoleic acid or 6 omega, which derivative form, the arachidonic acid is the main precursor of endocannabinoids, compounds that have increased plasmatic levels in obese people. The main purpose of this study is to determine the association between plasmatic levels of arachidonic acid and diagnostic criteria of food addiction in obese adults after inducing changes in the essential fatty acids intake. This thesis consists in a prospective quasi-experimental with clinical trial model, non-randomized, single-blind, crossover pilot study, conducted in obese adults whom were offered two nutritional treatments of obesity, one of these with a decrease in the omega 6 consumption and an increase in the omega 3 intake. The main findings indicate a positive correlation between arachidonic acid plasmatic levels and the scoring in the food addiction scale in individuals exposed to the experimental nutritional treatment. These results are held by the statistically significant decrease in plasmatic levels of arachidonic acid, the score in the food addiction scale, the body weight and the triglycerides plasma concentration found in the participants who had received the intervention that modified the consumption of essential fatty acids. Other variables such as body fat percentage and plasmatic levels of total cholesterol, HDL and LDL did not exhibit expected behaviors according to the literature, so it is thought that the time of exposure to interventions was not enough in order to get significant changes in such | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | La obesidad es considerada la pandemia del siglo XXI y sus prevalencias en el mundo van en aumento, lo cual coincide con el patrón reportado en Colombia por la ENSIN 2010 y 2015. Esta enfermedad tiene lugar cuando se genera un desbalance energético producto de un bajo gasto de energía en individuos inactivos físicamente con un consumo excesivo de alimentos ricos en energía, el cual puede considerarse como una conducta adictiva en condiciones específicas determinadas en la escala de adicción a la comida de Yale. Los diferentes cambios neurobiológicos y conductuales evidenciados en individuos obesos con adicción a la comida pueden estar asociados a la actividad del sistema endocannabinoide en el sistema nervioso central, debido a que los alimentos con un mayor consumo por parte de la población obesa tienen un alto aporte de Omega 6, a partir del que se produce el ácido araquidónico, que a su vez es el principal precursor de los cannabinoides endógenos, compuestos que suelen encontrarse aumentados a nivel plasmático en personas con obesidad. De manera que el objetivo general del estudio consiste en establecer una relación entre niveles plasmáticos de ácido araquidónico y la presencia de criterios de la adicción a la comida en adultos obesos tras efectuar cambios a nivel de la ingesta dietaría de alimentos fuente de Omegas 6 y alimentos fuente de 3. La presente tesis consiste en un estudio piloto cuasiexperimental prospectivo con modelo de ensayo clínico, no aleatorizado, simple ciego, cruzado en dos tiempos, efectuado en adultos obesos a quienes les son ofrecidos dos tratamientos nutricionales para el manejo de la obesidad, uno de estos con una disminución en el consumo de Omega 6 y un aumento en el aporte de Omega 3, encontrando una correlación positiva entre los niveles plasmáticos de ácido araquidónico y el puntaje en la escala de adicción a la comida en individuos tras su exposición al tratamiento experimental. Tales hallazgos se soportan en la disminución estadísticamente significativa de los niveles plasmáticos de ácido araquidónico, el puntaje en la escala de adicción a la comida, el peso corporal y las concentraciones plasmáticas de triglicéridos en los participantes que habían recibido la intervención dietaría con modificación en el consumo de ácidos grasos esenciales. Otras variables como el porcentaje de grasa corporal y los niveles plasmáticos de colesterol total, HDL y LDL no presentaron comportamientos esperados según la literatura, por lo que se piensa que el tiempo de exposición a las intervenciones no fue suficiente en orden de obtener cambios significativos en estas. | spa |
| dc.description.additional | Línea de Investigación: Compuestos Bioactivos y su Impacto en la Salud | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 206 | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78230 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisiología | spa |
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| dc.rights | Derechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | spa |
| dc.rights.spa | Acceso abierto | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::612 - Fisiología humana | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 612 - Fisiología humana | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | obesidad | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | obesity | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | adicción a la comida | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | food addiction | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | endocannabinoides | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | endocannabinoids | eng |
| dc.title | Efectos del consumo de Omegas 6 y 3 sobre los niveles de ácido araquidónico y su asociación con la adicción a la comida en adultos obesos: Un estudio piloto | spa |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dc.type.content | Text | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |