Desenlaces clínicos y económicos asociados a la adherencia a rehabilitación pulmonar en pacientes con exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica afiliados al régimen contributivo en Colombia
dc.contributor.advisor | Buitrago Gutiérrez, Giancarlo | spa |
dc.contributor.advisor | Pardo Turriago, Rodrigo | spa |
dc.contributor.author | González Caicedo, Paula Andrea | spa |
dc.contributor.cvlac | González, Paula Andrea [0000048170] | spa |
dc.contributor.orcid | Paula González-Caicedo [0000-0002-7944-6560] | spa |
dc.coverage.country | Colombia | spa |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-10-31T12:42:57Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-10-31T12:42:57Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
dc.description | ilustraciones, diagramas, tablas | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Introducción La Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) se considera un problema de salud pública, que causa una gran carga en términos de morbimortalidad y económicos. Se han iniciado esfuerzos para incluir la rehabilitación pulmonar (RP) en la atención del paciente; sin embargo, se desconoce la adherencia a la RP y su asociación con diferentes desenlaces en el contexto colombiano. Objetivo Determinar la asociación entre adherencia a la RP en la supervivencia, reingreso hospitalario y costos de los pacientes con exacerbación de EPOC afiliados al régimen contributivo en Colombia durante los años 2013 a 2017. Métodos Estudio observacional retrospectivo de cohortes de pacientes afiliados al régimen contributivo en Colombia entre los años 2013 y 2017. Se conformó la cohorte con pacientes mayores de edad con EPOC exacerbado, utilizando un algoritmo electrónico basado en códigos. La adherencia a la RP se evaluó teniendo en cuenta la cantidad de sesiones de RP facturadas en el tiempo de observación. Se controló la confusión teniendo en cuenta variables clínicas y sociodemográficas como la edad, el sexo, entidad promotora de salud, el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson, departamento de procedencia, uso de medicamentos, acceso a interconsultas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la cohorte y de la adherencia a RP en Colombia. Para el análisis de los costos estos se estandarizaron ajustando todos los valores al Índice de Precios al Consumidor (IPC) para el año 2024. Para controlar la confusión, se utilizó un emparejamiento por puntajes de propensión. Los desenlaces se analizaron mediante modelos multivariados de tiempo al evento y regresiones de Poisson para evaluar la cantidad de reingresos, mientras que los costos se analizaron como una variable continua. Resultados Se identificaron 17.607 pacientes con EPOC exacerbado, de los cuales el 53,08% (n = 9.346) fueron mujeres. La adherencia a RP fue del 3,23 %. Se estimó un Hazard ratio (HR) de 0,81 (IC 95% 0,43 – 1,53) al evaluar el riesgo de morir en el primer año de inicio de la RP. No se encontró asociación significativa entre la adherencia a RP y el reingreso hospitalario (razón entre las tasas de reingreso = 0,93 [IC 95% 0,60 – 1,46]). Se identificó que la adherencia a RP tiene una variación en los costos totales facturados en 4,57 millones de pesos colombianos (IC95% 0,99 – 8,14). Conclusión Se identificó una baja adherencia a RP en el período de estudio. No se encontró asociación entre la supervivencia y el reingreso hospitalario a un año, con la adherencia a RP. Se identificó una variación en los costos totales facturados a un año. La adherencia a RP puede ser evaluada según la cantidad de sesiones de RP realizadas en un determinado período de tiempo. Se deben incluir variables clínicas para reforzar los hallazgos de esta investigación, así como su impacto tanto en la salud como en los costos asociados (Texto tomado de la fuente). | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Introduction Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is considered a public health problem, causing a significant burden in terms of morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Efforts have been made to include Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) in patient care; however, adherence to PR and its association with different outcomes in the Colombian context remains unknown. Objective To determine the association between adherence to PR and survival, hospital readmissions, and costs in patients with COPD exacerbations enrolled in the contributory regime in Colombia from 2013 to 2017. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on patients enrolled in the contributory regime in Colombia between 2013 and 2017. The cohort consisted of adult patients with exacerbated COPD, identified using an electronic algorithm based on codes. Adherence to PR was assessed by considering the number of PR sessions billed during the observation period. Confounding was controlled by considering clinical and sociodemographic variables such as age, sex, health promotion entity, Charlson comorbidity index, department of origin, medication use, and access to consultations. A descriptive analysis of the cohort and PR adherence in Colombia was performed. Costs were standardized by adjusting all values to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for 2024. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding. Outcomes were analyzed using multivariate time-to-event models and Poisson regressions to assess the number of readmissions, while costs were analyzed as a continuous variable. Results A total of 17,607 patients with exacerbated COPD were identified, of which 53.08% (n = 9,346) were women. Adherence to PR was 3.23%. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality within the first year of starting PR was estimated at 0.81 (95% CI: 0.43 – 1.53). No significant association was found between adherence to PR and hospital readmission (rate ratio = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.60 – 1.46]). However, adherence to PR was associated with a variation in total billed costs amounting to 4.57 million Colombian pesos (95% CI: 0.99 – 8.14). Conclusion A low adherence to PR was identified during the study period. No statistically significant association was found between adherence to PR and survival or hospital readmissions at one year. However, a variation in total billed costs was observed over the same period. Adherence to PR can be assessed based on the number of PR sessions completed within a specific timeframe. To strengthen the findings of this research it is important to include clinical variables and evaluate the impact of PR on both health outcomes and associated costs. | eng |
dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ciencias Epidemiología Clínica | spa |
dc.description.methods | Estudio observacional retrospectivo de cohortes, de pacientes afiliados al régimen contributivo en Colombia, cuya exacerbación de la EPOC ocurrió entre los años 2013 y 2017. | spa |
dc.format.extent | 96 páginas | spa |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87117 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Medicina | spa |
dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Epidemiología Clínica | spa |
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dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | spa |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | spa |
dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades | spa |
dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::615 - Farmacología y terapéutica | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive | eng |
dc.subject.decs | Vigilancia en Salud Pública | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Public Health Surveillance | eng |
dc.subject.decs | Indicadores de Morbimortalidad | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality | eng |
dc.subject.decs | Financiación de la Atención de la Salud | spa |
dc.subject.decs | Healthcare Financing | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Rehabilitación pulmonar | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Adherencia | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Supervivencia | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Pulmonary rehabilitation | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Adherence | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Survival | eng |
dc.title | Desenlaces clínicos y económicos asociados a la adherencia a rehabilitación pulmonar en pacientes con exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica afiliados al régimen contributivo en Colombia | spa |
dc.title.translated | Clinical and economic outcomes associated with adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affiliated with the contributory regime in Colombia | eng |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
dc.type.content | Text | spa |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | spa |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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