Identificación de una firma de miRNAs con potencial utilidad como biomarcador para el triaje de mujeres positivas para la infección por el virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo (VPH-AR)

dc.contributor.advisorRodríguez García, Josefa Antoniaspa
dc.contributor.advisorLopez Kleine, Lilianaspa
dc.contributor.authorMejia Guarnizo, Lidy Vannessaspa
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorTrujillo, Clara Esperanzaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupInstituto Nacional de Cancerología. Grupo de investigación en Biología del Cáncerspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-25T00:34:05Z
dc.date.available2025-06-25T00:34:05Z
dc.date.issued2024-10-21
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractEl cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU) es el cuarto tipo de cáncer más común en mujeres a nivel mundial y el tercero en países en vías de desarrollo. La infección persistente por el virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo (VPH-AR) es un factor clave en el desarrollo de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (NIC) de grados 1 a 3. Aunque la detección de VPH-AR supera a la citología en eficacia, su valor predictivo para NIC2/3 es limitado debido a la naturaleza transitoria de muchas infecciones. Por ello, es crucial encontrar métodos complementarios para mejorar la detección y el diagnóstico. Los microRNAs (miRNAs) se presentan como biomarcadores prometedores por su alteración en diversos cánceres. Nuestro estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los perfiles de expresión de miARNs en pacientes con lesiones de alto grado (NIC2/3) y bajo grado (SL/NIC1) positivas para VPH- AR, con el fin de identificar una firma molecular que permita diferenciar entre NIC2/3 y NIC1, y evaluar el papel de estos miARNs en la carcinogénesis cervical. Para ello, realizamos un estudio en dos fases. En la fase de descubrimiento, secuenciamos (small RNAseq) muestras de cepillados cervicales de mujeres VPH-AR+ con lesiones de bajo grado (SL/NIC1, n=31) y alto grado (NIC2/3, n=33). Construimos perfiles de expresión diferencial de miARNs y realizamos agrupamientos (clustering) por k-medias, curvas ROC y regresión lineal bivariada para identificar los miARNs con mayor potencial discriminativo. Los estudios de enriquecimiento funcional y el análisis de datos externos (GEO) respaldaron nuestros hallazgos. En la fase de validación, mediante RT-qPCR utilizamos un grupo independiente de 30 muestras para evaluar la capacidad de los miARNs con curvas ROC calculando el AUC de los miRNAs para la detección de NIC2/3. Identificamos 19 miARNs con expresión diferencial significativa. De estos, cuatro (hsa-miR-1271-5p,hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-501-3p, y hsa-miR-1246) reunieron la mayoría de las características analizadas y se destacó su implicación en la regulación de genes clave en la infección por VPH, lo que sugiere su potencial como biomarcadores para discriminar NIC2/3. Además, se observó que el uso prolongado de anticonceptivos se asoció con un mayor riesgo de NIC2/3. En la fase de validación, tres miARNs (hsa-miR-1271, hsa-miR- 501, y hsa-miR-9-5p) presentaron una expresión significativamente mayor en lesiones NIC2/3 (p < 0.05) y su expresión aumentó con la progresión de la enfermedad (NIC1, NIC2, NIC3). El miARN hsa-miR-501 mostró el mayor AUC (88%) para la detección de NIC2/3, y su combinación con hsa-miR-1271 y hsa-miR-9-5p mejoró la precisión del modelo a un AUC de 94%. Estos resultados, que se correlacionan entre ambas fases del estudio, subrayan el potencial de los miARNs identificados como biomarcadores prometedores para el tamizaje de lesiones cervicales preneoplásicas, con implicaciones significativas para su futura aplicación clínica en la detección de la lesión de alto grado y estratificación del riesgo. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractCervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and the third in developing countries. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV-HR) is a key factor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 1 to 3. Although HPV-HR detection is more effective than cytology, its predictive value for CIN2/3 is limited due to the transient nature of many infections. Therefore, it is crucial to find complementary methods to improve detection and diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers due to their alteration in various cancers. Our study aimed to determine the miRNA expression profiles in patients with high-grade (CIN2/3) and low-grade (SL/CIN1) lesions positive for HPV-HR, with the goal of identifying a molecular signature that differentiates between CIN2/3 and CIN1 and evaluating the role of these miRNAs in cervical carcinogenesis. To achieve this, we conducted a two-phase study. In the discovery phase, we sequenced (small RNAseq) cervical brush samples from HPV-HR+ women with low-grade lesions (SL/CIN1, n=31) and high-grade lesions (CIN2/3, n=33). We constructed differential miRNA expression profiles and applied k-means clustering, ROC curves, and bivariate linear regression to identify miRNAs with the highest discriminatory potential. Functional enrichment studies and external data analysis (GEO) supported our findings. In the validation phase, using RT-qPCR, we employed an independent group of 30 samples to evaluate the diagnostic capability of the miRNAs with ROC curves, calculating the AUC of the miRNAs for CIN2/3 detection. We identified 19 miRNAs with significant differential expression. Of these, four (hsa-miR-1271-5p, hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-501-3p, and hsa-miR-1246) met most of the analyzed criteria and showed involvement in regulating key genes in HPV infection, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for discriminating CIN2/3. Additionally, prolonged use of contraceptives was associated with a higher risk of CIN2/3. In the validation phase, three miRNAs (hsa-miR- 1271, hsa-miR-501, and hsa-miR-9-5p) exhibited significantly higher expression in CIN2/3 lesions (p < 0.05), and their expression increased with disease progression (CIN1, CIN2,CIN3). miRNA hsa-miR-501 demonstrated the highest AUC (88%) for detecting CIN2/3, and its combination with hsa-miR-1271 and hsa-miR-9-5p improved the model's accuracy to an AUC of 94%. These results, correlating across both phases of the study, underscore the potential of the identified miRNAs as promising biomarkers for cervical pre-cancerous lesion screening, with significant implications for their future clinical application in high-grade lesion detection and risk stratification.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Microbiologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaBiología celularspa
dc.format.extentxviii, 107 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88244
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Biotecnologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Microbiologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evoluciónspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::618 - Ginecología, obstetricia, pediatría, geriatríaspa
dc.subject.decsNeoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnósticospa
dc.subject.decsUterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosiseng
dc.subject.decsMicroARNs/análisisspa
dc.subject.decsMicroRNAs/analysiseng
dc.subject.decsVirus del Papiloma Humanospa
dc.subject.decsHuman Papillomavirus Viruseseng
dc.subject.decsBiomarcadoresspa
dc.subject.decsBiomarkerseng
dc.subject.decsTriajespa
dc.subject.decsTriageeng
dc.subject.proposalVPH-ARspa
dc.subject.proposalNeoplasia intraepitelial cervicalspa
dc.subject.proposalmiRNAsspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomarcadorspa
dc.subject.proposalCepillado cervicalspa
dc.subject.proposalCitologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalHPV-HReng
dc.subject.proposalCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaeng
dc.subject.proposalmiRNAseng
dc.subject.proposalBiomarkereng
dc.subject.proposalCervical brusheng
dc.subject.proposalCytologyeng
dc.titleIdentificación de una firma de miRNAs con potencial utilidad como biomarcador para el triaje de mujeres positivas para la infección por el virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo (VPH-AR)spa
dc.title.translatedIdentification of a miRNA signature with potential utility as a biomarker for triage of women positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infectioneng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentConsejerosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.fundernameInstituto Nacional de Cancerologiaspa

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