Metodología para la evaluación de impacto ambiental aplicada al ciclo de vida de proyectos de infraestructura en Colombia
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El presente trabajo de investigación consistió en proponer una metodología para la EvIA aplicada al ciclo de vida de proyectos de infraestructura en Colombia. La metodología propuesta se basó en cuatro fases iniciando con la caracterización de proyectos de infraestructura, la identificación de aspectos e impactos ambientales durante el ciclo de vida de proyectos de infraestructura, el establecimiento de criterios de evaluación y, el desarrollo del instrumento de EvIA. Luego de la revisión de literatura y por medio de análisis multicriterio, se seleccionaron los atributos de evaluación ambiental indicados para proyectos de infraestructura, estos atributos fueron definidos, escalados y acoplados para el cálculo de la importancia ambiental de un impacto, el impacto sobre un factor ambiental, el impacto sobre cada componente ambiental y el impacto global de un proyecto. Como elementos diferenciadores de este trabajo se encuentra la definición de la combinación de criterios de evaluación ambiental y, el diseño de un aplicativo de evaluación de impactos ambientales.
Abstract: the present research is to propose a methodology for EvIA applied to the life cycle of infrastructure projects in Colombia. The proposed methodology is based on four stages beginning with the characterization of infrastructure projects, the identification of environmental aspects and impacts during the life cycle of infrastructure projects, the establishment of evaluation criteria and developing the instrument of EvIA. After reviewing literature and through multi-criteria analysis, the attributes of environmental assessment indicated for infrastructure projects were selected, these attributes were defined, scaled and coupled to calculate the environmental significance of an impact, the impact on an environmental factor, the impact on each environmental component and the overall impact of a project. As distinguishing features of this work is the definition of the combination of environmental assessment criteria and design of an application of environmental impact assessment
Abstract: the present research is to propose a methodology for EvIA applied to the life cycle of infrastructure projects in Colombia. The proposed methodology is based on four stages beginning with the characterization of infrastructure projects, the identification of environmental aspects and impacts during the life cycle of infrastructure projects, the establishment of evaluation criteria and developing the instrument of EvIA. After reviewing literature and through multi-criteria analysis, the attributes of environmental assessment indicated for infrastructure projects were selected, these attributes were defined, scaled and coupled to calculate the environmental significance of an impact, the impact on an environmental factor, the impact on each environmental component and the overall impact of a project. As distinguishing features of this work is the definition of the combination of environmental assessment criteria and design of an application of environmental impact assessment