Implementación de un bioensayo ex vivo de permeación e irritación corneal: valoración del clorhidrato de proparacaína como caso de estudio

dc.contributor.advisorBaena Aristizábal, Yolima
dc.contributor.advisorLozano Álvarez, María Constanza
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Jiménez, Natalia Carolina
dc.contributor.orcidGonzález Jiménez, Natalia Carolina [0009000085948498]
dc.contributor.researchgroupSistemas Para Liberación Controlada de Moléculas Biológicamente Activasspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-02T13:50:13Z
dc.date.available2025-09-02T13:50:13Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones (principalmente a color), diagramas, gráficos, fotografías
dc.description.abstractLa córnea es una barrera esencial para la protección ocular y su daño representa una causa significativa de ceguera a nivel mundial. El uso inadecuado de anestésicos tópicos como el clorhidrato de proparacaína puede generar lesiones corneales severas, lo que resalta la importancia de evaluar su permeabilidad e impacto histológico. Este estudio implementó un ensayo ex vivo para evaluar la permeación y el potencial de irritación del clorhidrato de proparacaína. Se emplearon celdas de Franz y córneas porcinas para evaluar la permeabilidad del fármaco en diferentes concentraciones. La cuantificación del fármaco se realizó mediante espectrofotometría UV-Vis. También se llevó a cabo un análisis histológico de las córneas tratadas, clasificando las lesiones en epitelio, estroma y endotelio. Los ensayos de permeación en celdas de Franz evidenciaron que la proparacaína presenta baja permeabilidad corneal (9.33 x10-7 cm/s), favoreciendo su retención en el epitelio y limitando su difusión al estroma. Se determinó que la concentración inicial y el tiempo influyen significativamente en la cantidad permeada, con un efecto dominante del gradiente de concentración. Aunque la formulación comercial presentó diferencias en algunas dosis aplicadas, estas se atribuyen más a la concentración que a la presencia de cloruro de benzalconio (CB) como preservante en la solución oftálmica. El análisis histológico mostró que concentraciones elevadas de proparacaína causan daño corneal significativo al igual que el etanol, empleado como control positivo y clasificado como causante de irritación ocular grave. El coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (ρ = 0.5449, p = 3.027x 10-16) confirmó una relación positiva entre la permeación y el potencial irritante. Este estudio soporta el uso de córneas porcinas y celdas de Franz como un modelo ex vivo eficaz para evaluar la permeación y el potencial de irritación de fármacos oftálmicos, reduciendo la dependencia de ensayos in vivo. Se destaca la importancia de estandarizar las pruebas in vitro según el tipo de tejido, ya que la córnea es más especializada que la piel y presenta características únicas que afectan la permeabilidad y la respuesta a los fármacos.spa
dc.description.abstractThe cornea serves as a critical barrier for ocular protection, and its damage constitutes a significant cause of blindness worldwide. The improper use of topical anesthetics such as proparacaine hydrochloride can induce severe corneal injury, underscoring the need to assess its permeability and histological impact. This study implemented an ex vivo assay to evaluate the permeation and irritation potential of proparacaine hydrochloride. Franz diffusion cells and porcine corneas were employed to investigate drug permeability across different concentrations. Drug quantification was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Additionally, histological analysis of the treated corneas was conducted, classifying lesions across the epithelium, stroma, and endothelium. Permeation assays using Franz cells revealed that proparacaine exhibits low corneal permeability (9.33x10-7 cm/s), favoring its retention in the epithelium and limiting its diffusion into the stroma.eng
dc.description.curricularareaFarmacia.Sede Bogotá
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ciencias- Farmacologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaFarmacocinética y estudios de biodisponibilidad y bioequivalenciaspa
dc.format.extent3, v-xvi, 122 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88529
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Farmacologíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subject.bneCórnea. Enfermedades. Tratamientospa
dc.subject.bneFarmacología ocularspa
dc.subject.bneMedicamentos oftalmológicosspa
dc.subject.bneOjos. Enfermedades. Tratamientospa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::615 - Farmacología y terapéutica
dc.subject.lccCornea-Diseases-Treatmenteng
dc.subject.lccEye-Diseases-Treatmenteng
dc.subject.lccPharmacologie oculaireeng
dc.subject.lccOphthalmic drugseng
dc.subject.proposalClorhidrato de proparacaínaspa
dc.subject.proposalPermeación cornealspa
dc.subject.proposalIrritación cornealspa
dc.subject.proposalIntegridad histológicaspa
dc.subject.proposalEx vivolat
dc.subject.proposalCeldas de difusión de Franzspa
dc.subject.proposalProparacaine hydrochlorideeng
dc.subject.proposalCorneal permeationeng
dc.subject.proposalCorneal irritationeng
dc.subject.proposalHistological integrityeng
dc.subject.proposalFranz diffusion cellseng
dc.titleImplementación de un bioensayo ex vivo de permeación e irritación corneal: valoración del clorhidrato de proparacaína como caso de estudiospa
dc.title.translatedImplementation of an ex vivo bioassay for corneal permeation and irritation: evaluation of proparacaine hydrochloride as a case studyeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentBibliotecariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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