Propuesta y aplicación metodológica para el cálculo del índice de salud a partir de la percepción y su acercamiento a la situación real del individuo

dc.contributor.advisorBotero Botero, Sergiospa
dc.contributor.authorVásquez Velásquez, Johannaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupModelamiento y Análisis: Energía, Ambiente, Economía –MAEAE-spa
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-24T19:58:05Zspa
dc.date.available2020-02-24T19:58:05Zspa
dc.date.issued2019-09-30spa
dc.description.abstractThis thesis addresses utility measure in order to quantify the Health Index. This item is a necessary input for the health economics assessment, and is treated as a multi criteria decision-making –MCDM- issue. This work proposes a methodology with hybrid methods that combine the Hierarchical Analytical Process -AHP- , AHP extended by D-numbers and fuzzy AHP -FAHP- with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution -TOPSIS- in order to elicit preferences and measure the Health Index. Theoretical and methodological grounds are obtained through a systematic meta-narrative review on theories, concepts and methods, as well as an analysis of the regulatory system and techniques applied in Colombia for health technology and economics assessment. In order to implement the proposed methodology, an empirical study is carried out with data collection fieldwork using the EQ-5D-5 international survey, incorporating sociodemographic questions and the pairwise comparisons matrix for health dimensions. The EQ-VT protocol to obtain preferences by composite time trade off -cTTO- and the visual analog scale -VAS- for individual perception about health status are used. Weights for the several health states were obtained using the proposed hybrid methods, cTTO and VAS. Then a comparison is made using quality adjusted life years -QALYS-, weights and the hierarchical structure of the health dimensions. This exercise shows that there are methods with little complex mathematical algorithms that produce consistent results and adjust adequately to the utilities. These methods do not require long processes and training costs to the interviewers and can be applied to specific populations that have been treated by different health programs. In addition they make it possible to eliminate bias imposed by duration in better and worse states of health, and they preserve ordinal preferences expressed in consistent comparison matrices, which allows preserving the range in a strong way.spa
dc.description.abstractEsta tesis se enmarca en el problema de derivación de utilidades para la determinación del índice de salud, insumo necesario en la evaluación de tecnología sanitaria, estudiado como un problema de toma de decisiones con múltiples criterios –MCDM-. En este trabajo se describe e implementa una propuesta metodológica que combina el Proceso Analítico Jerárquico -AHP- simple, extendido por D-números –DAHP- y difuso –FAHP- con la Técnica de Ordenación de Preferencias por Similitud a la Ideal -TOPSIS- para la obtención de preferencias y cálculo del índice de salud. La fundamentación teórica y metodológica se construye a partir de una revisión sistemática meta-narrativa de las teorías, conceptos y métodos, además de un análisis de la normatividad y técnicas aplicadas en Colombia para la evaluación económica y de tecnología sanitaria. Para implementar la metodología propuesta se lleva a cabo un estudio empírico con levantamiento de datos en campo mediante la aplicación del cuestionario internacional EQ-5D-5L, al que se incorporan preguntas de tipo sociodemográfico y la matriz de comparación pareada para las dimensiones de salud contempladas en la encuesta y se utiliza el protocolo EQ-VT para el levantamiento de preferencias por intercambio temporal compuesto –cTTO- y escala visual análoga –VAS-. Los pesos para los diferentes estados de salud se obtienen utilizando los métodos híbridos propuestos, cTTO y VAS haciendo una comparación en cuanto al número de años de vida ajustados por calidad –QALYS- generados en los escenarios estudiados, el vector de pesos y la estructura jerárquica de las dimensiones de salud. Con este ejercicio se prueba que existen métodos simples de operar en campo, con algoritmos matemáticos poco complejos que producen resultados consistentes y se ajustan de forma adecuada a la obtención de utilidades, no requieren procesos largos y costos de entrenamiento a los encuestadores y pueden aplicarse a poblaciones específicas e intervenidas por diferentes programas de salud, permiten eliminar el sesgo que impone la duración temporal en estados de salud mejores y peores a la muerte y preservan las preferencias ordinales expresadas en matrices de comparación consistentes, lo que permite preservar el rango de forma fuerte.spa
dc.description.additionalDoctorado en Ingeniería – Industria y Organizacionesspa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.format.extent172spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationAPAspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75707
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Ingeniería de la Organizaciónspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddcToma de decisionesspa
dc.subject.proposalHealth Status Assessmenteng
dc.subject.proposalÍndice de Saludspa
dc.subject.proposalToma de decisionesspa
dc.subject.proposalMulticriteria Decision Analysiseng
dc.titlePropuesta y aplicación metodológica para el cálculo del índice de salud a partir de la percepción y su acercamiento a la situación real del individuospa
dc.typeReportespa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_93fcspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/reportspa
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dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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