Evaluación de un surfactante de origen natural como dispersante en derrames de hidrocarburos en mares

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dc.contributor.advisorRomero Hernández, Antoniospa
dc.contributor.advisorPérez Cordero, Alexanderspa
dc.contributor.authorHerazo Navajas, Duvanis Enriquespa
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-27T13:59:50Zspa
dc.date.available2021-01-27T13:59:50Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-06-20spa
dc.description.abstractAmong the different control agents for oil spill containment in the sea, natural dispersants are presented as a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical dispersants. This study analyzes the efficiency of a vegetable oil-based surfactant, used to disperse petroleum hidrocarbons present in salt wáter bodies. Because of this, its emulsification capacity was determined by means of the emulsification index E24, which found maximum values for crude oil emulsions of 19.1° and 29.8° API, at concentrations of 10 % and 5 % of oil-based surfactant, respectively. These concentrations were used to find the dispersion efficiency and the effect on the degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH). On other note, dispersion efficiency was evaluated with two types of commercial hydrocarbons in Colombia: 19.1° API Castilla Blend crude oil and 29.8° API South Blend crude oil, through the implementation of the swirling flask test (SFT). The data showed an average dispersion effectiveness of 22.83% for Castilla Blend and 49.98% for South Blend crude oil, respectively. The effect on TPH degradation was achieved through a field test with a volume of 250 mL of Castilla Blend hydrocarbon (18.8º API) over 25 gallons of natural seawater, which resulted in an 88 % reduction in the average TPH levels for three treatments. These results reveal the potential of oil-based surfactant to be an ecological and economic solution in the control of oil spill containments.spa
dc.description.abstractEntre los diferentes agentes de control de derrames de hidrocarburos en mares, los dispersantes naturales se presentan como una alternativa sostenible frente a los convencionales dispersantes químicos. Este estudio analiza la eficiencia de una mezcla surfactante a partir de aceites vegetales, usada con el fin de dispersar hidrocarburos del petróleo presentes en cuerpos de agua salada. Para dicho propósito, se determinó su capacidad de emulsificación mediante el índice de emulsificación E24, encontrando valores máximos de emulsiones para crudos de 19.1° y 29.8° API, a concentraciones de 10 % y 5 % del surfactante natural, respectivamente. Estas concentraciones se utilizaron para encontrar la eficiencia de dispersión y el efecto sobre la degradación de HTP. Por otra parte, la eficiencia de dispersión se evaluó con dos tipos de hidrocarburos comerciales en Colombia: crudo Castilla Blend de 19.1° API y crudo South Blend 29.8° API, a través de la implementación de la prueba de matraz giratorio (SFT). Los datos mostraron un promedio de efectividad de dispersión del 22.83 % para el Castilla Blend y un 49.98 % para el crudo South Blend, respectivamente. Su efecto en degradación de HTP se realizó mediante una prueba de campo agregando un volumen de 250 mL de hidrocarburo Castilla Blend (18.8º API) sobre 25 galones de agua de mar natural, con lo que se obtuvo una reducción en los niveles promedios de HTP para tres tratamientos en un 88 %. Estos resultados revelan el potencial de la mezcla surfactante natural para ser una solución ecológica y económica en el control de derrames de hidrocarburos.spa
dc.description.additionalLínea de Investigación: Biotecnología ambientalspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipBiogense S.A.Sspa
dc.format.extent89spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationHerazo, D, (2020). Tesis; Evaluación de un surfactante de origen natural como dispersante en derrames de hidrocarburos en mares. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. MedellÍn. Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78937
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.departmentEscuela de biocienciasspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnologíaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería químicaspa
dc.subject.proposalnatural surfactanteng
dc.subject.proposalsurfactante naturalspa
dc.subject.proposaldispersantseng
dc.subject.proposaldispersantesspa
dc.subject.proposalemulsioneng
dc.subject.proposalemulsiónspa
dc.subject.proposalDerrame de petróleospa
dc.subject.proposaloil spilleng
dc.subject.proposalHydrocarbon spilleng
dc.subject.proposalDerrame de hidrocarburosspa
dc.titleEvaluación de un surfactante de origen natural como dispersante en derrames de hidrocarburos en maresspa
dc.title.alternativeEvaluation of a surfactant of natural origin as dispersant in oil spills in seaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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