Diseño e implementación de una intervención basada en economía comportamental para reducción del riesgo de consumo de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes: un estudio aleatorizado y controlado

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dc.contributor.advisorEslava Schmalbach, Javier Hernando
dc.contributor.authorPereira Morales, Angela Janeth
dc.contributor.cvlacPereira Morales, Angela Janethspa
dc.contributor.cvlac0001480855spa
dc.contributor.googlescholarC1-_sHcAAAAJ&hlspa
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0003-2151-0424spa
dc.contributor.researchgateAngela Pereira-Moralesspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Equidad en Saludspa
dc.contributor.scopus57192820985spa
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-30T14:12:45Z
dc.date.available2023-11-30T14:12:45Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-29
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: La economía comportamental proporciona una perspectiva basada en la evidencia sobre cómo los individuos toman decisiones, incluyendo modificaciones del entorno a través de políticas públicas que pueden tener impactos significativos en el comportamiento. El consumo problemático de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes es considerado un asunto de relevancia para la salud pública, teniendo en cuenta las altas tasas de prevalencia en el consumo concomitante y en las consecuencias deletéreas para la salud. Objetivo: Diseñar y evaluar la efectividad de un programa de intervención basado en economía comportamental para reducción del riesgo de consumo de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes universitarios de 18 a 24 años con riesgo de consumo moderado. Métodos: Se empleó un enfoque multifase, dividiendo el proyecto en cuatro etapas: 1) una revisión sistemática de ensayos aleatorizados y controlados que evaluaron intervenciones comportamentales para reducir el consumo de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes, 2) un análisis de elasticidad cruzada de precios entre el alcohol y el cannabis en adultos jóvenes universitarios, 3) un experimento de elección discreta para identificar los factores asociados con el consumo de alcohol y cannabis dentro y fuera del campus universitario, 4) un ensayo controlado y aleatorizado para evaluar una intervención diseñada usando economía comportamental para reducir el consumo de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Resultados: Los cambios en el estatus legal del cannabis podrían impactar el consumo de alcohol entre adultos jóvenes, lo que destaca la necesidad de intervenciones efectivas para prevenir el potencial aumento del consumo de cannabis y alcohol. Se identificaron los factores que afectan el consumo de alcohol y cannabis dentro y fuera del campus universitario y se utilizó este conocimiento para explorar escenarios de políticas orientados a reducir el consumo dentro del campus universitario. La intervención diseñada, resultó en una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la cantidad de alcohol y cannabis consumidos por semana. No obstante, se observó una tasa significativa de abandono durante el ensayo. Conclusiones: Esta tesis demuestra que la aplicación del enfoque de la economía comportamental puede ser efectiva para prevenir el consumo peligroso de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes. Se destaca el potencial de la economía comportamental para mejorar la efectividad de las políticas de salud pública y prevenir el consumo de alcohol y cannabis, pero se enfatiza la importancia de un diseño cuidadoso y evaluación continua de dichas intervenciones. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Behavioral economics offers an evidence-based perspective on the decision-making process of individuals, including how modifications to the environment through public policies can significantly influence behavior. Problematic alcohol and cannabis consumption among young adults is a matter of public health concern due to the high prevalence rates of concurrent use and the negative health consequences associated with it. Aim: to design and assess the effectiveness of an intervention program based on behavioral economics, targeting moderate-risk young adult users aged 18 to 24 years. Methods: A multi-phase approach was implemented, consisting of four stages. 1) a systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted to evaluate behavioral interventions aimed at reducing alcohol and cannabis consumption in young adults. 2) a cross-price elasticity analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the prices of alcohol and cannabis among university students. 3) A discrete choice experiment was then carried out to identify factors associated with alcohol and cannabis consumption both on and off the university campus. 4) a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention designed using behavioral economics principles, targeting young adults at the National University of Colombia. Results: Changes in the legal status of cannabis could have an impact on alcohol consumption among young adults, underscoring the need for effective interventions to address hazardous alcohol consumption and the potential increase in cannabis and alcohol use. Factors influencing alcohol and cannabis consumption on and off the university campus were identified, and this knowledge was utilized to explore policy scenarios aimed at reducing consumption within the university setting. The intervention designed demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the weekly consumption of alcohol and cannabis. However, the trial had a significant dropout rate. Conclusions: Overall, this thesis illustrates that the application of a behavioral economics approach can effectively prevent hazardous alcohol and cannabis consumption in young adults. The study emphasizes the potential of behavioral economics to enhance the effectiveness of public health policies and mitigate alcohol and cannabis consumption. However, it also highlights the importance of careful intervention design and ongoing evaluation in this field.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Salud Públicaspa
dc.description.researchareaSaludspa
dc.description.sponsorshipMINCIENCIAS CONVOCATORIA 891 JOVENES INVESTIGADORES E INNOVADORES 2020spa
dc.description.sponsorshipBECA FULBRIGHT ESTUDIANTE DOCTORAL COLOMBIANO 2022spa
dc.format.extent325 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85025
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDoctorado Interfacultades en Salud Públicaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Doctorado en Salud Públicaspa
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dc.relation.referencesNo ë l X, Saeremans M, Kornreich C, Chatard A, Jaafari N, D Argembeau A. Reduced calibration between subjective and objective measures of episodic future thinking in alcohol use disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2022;46(2):300 311. doi:10.1111/acer.14763spa
dc.relation.referencesYurasek AM, Dennhardt AA, Murphy JG. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Economic Intervention for Alcohol and Marijuana Use. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015;23(5):332 338. doi:10.1037/pha0000025.Aspa
dc.relation.referencesDennhardt AA, Yurasek AM, Murphy JG. Change in delay discounting and substance reward value following a brief alcohol and drug use intervention. J Exp Anal Behav. 2015;103(1):125 140. doi:10.1002/jeab.121spa
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dc.relation.referencesBernhardt N, Nebe S, Pooseh S, et al. Impulsive Decision Making in Young Adult Social Drinkers and Detoxified Alcohol Dependent Patients: A Cross Sectional and Longitudinal Study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res . 2017;41(10):1794 1807. doi:10.1111/acer.13481spa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc150 - Psicología::158 - Psicología aplicadaspa
dc.subject.ddc300 - Ciencias sociales::304 - Factores que afectan el comportamiento socialspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y saludspa
dc.subject.lembAdicción alcohólicaspa
dc.subject.lembAlcohol drinkingeng
dc.subject.lembDrinking of alcoholic beverageseng
dc.subject.lembAbuso de sustanciasspa
dc.subject.lembSubstance abuseeng
dc.subject.proposalToma de Decisionesspa
dc.subject.proposalEconomía Comportamentalspa
dc.subject.proposalAlcoholspa
dc.subject.proposalAdultos Jóvenesspa
dc.subject.proposalPrevenciónspa
dc.subject.proposalMitigación del Dañospa
dc.subject.proposalBehavioral Economicseng
dc.subject.proposalDecision Makingeng
dc.subject.proposalAlcoholeng
dc.subject.proposalCannabiseng
dc.subject.proposalYoung Adultseng
dc.subject.proposalPreventioneng
dc.subject.proposalHarm Reductioneng
dc.titleDiseño e implementación de una intervención basada en economía comportamental para reducción del riesgo de consumo de alcohol y cannabis en adultos jóvenes: un estudio aleatorizado y controladospa
dc.title.translatedDesign and implementation of a behavioral economics-based intervention for reducing the risk of alcohol and cannabis consumption in young adults: a randomized controlled studyeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentResponsables políticosspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleDISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UNA INTERVENCIÓN BASADA EN ECONOMÍA COMPORTAMENTAL PARA REDUCCIÓN DEL RIESGO DE CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL Y CANNABIS EN ADULTOS JÓVENES: UN ESTUDIO ALEATORIZADO Y CONTROLADOspa
oaire.fundernameMINCIENCIASspa
oaire.fundernameCOMISION FULBRIGHTspa

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