Determinación de la asociación entre la presencia del Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV-1) en parásitos infectantes de Leishmania spp y el desarrollo de la leishmaniasis mucosa en pacientes diagnosticados de leishmaniasis cutánea en Colombia

dc.contributor.advisorEcheverry Gaitán, María Claraspa
dc.contributor.advisorSaavedra, Carlos Humbertospa
dc.contributor.authorPazmiño, Fredy Alexanderspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-04T20:43:29Zspa
dc.date.available2020-09-04T20:43:29Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-08-26spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is a severe clinical form of leishmaniasis characterized by destruction of the oral, nasal mucosas or both. The risk factors associated with the development of ML are not entirely clear, but the presence of an RNA virus in the cytoplasm of the infected parasite known as leishmania RNA virus (LRV1) has been postulated to exacerbate the host's immune response and may contribute to severe forms of leishmaniasis. The aim of this work was to establish whether an association exists between the presence of LRV1 and the occurrence of LM, using a case-control study. Methods A case-control study was carried out where cases were defined as patients with ML (n = 33) treated at the Federico Lleras Acosta Dermatological Center (CDFLLA) between the period 2007-2017 and control patients with cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) without ML (n = 71) attending at the same institution between 1997 - 2010. 19 of 71 controls were contacted and clinically evaluated to determine their health status with respect to ML. The study had informed consent. Demographic, epidemiological variables and response to treatment were recorded by reviewing the medical records. The CDFLLA biobank had cryopreserved skin and mucosal lesion biopsies of the patients that were processed in the parasitology laboratory of the National University of Colombia for the confirmation of Leishmania spp infection and detection of LRV1 by RT -qPCR. The distribution of frequencies and statistical significance were determined for each variable and group using X2, Fisher's exact test, or Mann-Whitney test. Variables with statistical significance or biological plausibility in the bivariate analysis were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results Of the cases, 71.7% were male and the mean age at which they developed LM was 40 years, while for controls 73.2% were male and the mean age at which they presented with CL was 27.5 years. The general frequency of LRV1 was 16.3%, for cases it was 33.3% and in controls 8.5%. The presence of LRV1 was determined as an exposure factor associated with the occurrence of mucosal leishmaniasis: OR = 6.32 (95% CI: 1.48 - 27.00, p = 0.013) and incomplete treatment for CL with an OR = 4.63 (95% CI: 1.13 - 18.97, p = 0.033). No correlation was observed between the clinical stage of the ML and the presence of the LRV1. Conclusion The presence of LRV1 was higher in patients with mucosal leishmaniasis and was found to be associated with this clinical form of the disease. In addition, an association found for the variable incomplete treatment supply, could suggest that incomplete treatment may act as a risk factor for the occurrence of the mucous event.spa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción La leishmaniasis mucosa (LM) es una forma clínica severa de la leishmaniasis caracterizada por destrucción de la mucosa oral, nasal o ambas. Los factores de riesgo asociados con la aparición de la LM no son del todo claros, pero se ha postulado que la presencia de un virus RNA presente en el citoplasma del parásito infectante conocido como RNA leishmaniavirus (LRV1) exacerba la respuesta inmune del hospedero y puede contribuir a las formas severas de la leishmaniasis. El presente trabajo pretendió conocer si existe asociación entre la presencia del LRV1 y la ocurrencia de la LM, mediante un diseño de casos y controles. Métodos Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles donde los casos fueron definidos como pacientes con LM (n=33) atendidos en el Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta (CDFLLA) entre el periodo 2007 – 2017 y los controles pacientes con Leishmaniasis cutánea (LC) sin LM (n=71) atendidos en la misma institución entre 1997 – 2010. 19 de 71 controles fueron contactados y evaluados clínicamente para determinar su estado de salud con respecto a la LM. El estudio contó con consentimiento informado. Mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas se registraron las variables demográficas, epidemiológicas y de respuesta al tratamiento. El biobanco del CDFLLA contaba con especímenes criopreservados correspondientes a biopsias de las lesiones cutáneas y mucosas de los pacientes que fueron procesadas en el laboratorio de parasitología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia para la confirmación de la infección por Leishmania spp y la detección de LRV1 mediante RT-qPCR. La distribución de frecuencias y significancia estadística fue analizada para cada variable y grupo mediante X2, test exacto de Fisher o test de Mann-Whitney, las variables con significancia estadística o plausibilidad biológica en el análisis bivariado fueron analizadas mediante regresión logística múltiple. Resultados Entre los casos 71.7% fueron del género masculino y la media de edad a la cual desarrollaron la LM fue de 40 años, mientras que para los controles el 73.2% correspondieron al género masculino y la media de edad a la cual presentaron la LC fue de 27.5 años. La frecuencia general del LRV1 fue de 16.3%, para los casos fue de 33.3% y en los controles del 8.5%. Como factor de exposición asociado con la ocurrencia de la leishmaniasis mucosa se determinó la presencia del LRV1: OR=6.32 (IC95%: 1.48 - 27.00, p= 0.013) y el tratamiento incompleto para la LC con un OR= 4.63 (IC95%: 1.13 – 18.97, p= 0.033). No se observó ninguna correlación entre el estadio clínico de la LM y la presencia del LRV1. Conclusión La presencia del LRV1 fue mayor en los pacientes afectados de leishmaniasis mucosa y se encontró asociado con esta forma clínica de la enfermedad. La asociación hallada para la variable suministro de tratamiento incompleto, podría sugerir que el tratamiento incompleto puede actuar como un factor de riesgo para la ocurrencia del evento mucoso.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.projectDeterminación de la asociación entre la presencia de Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV -1) y el desarrollo de leishmaniasis mucosa en Colombia”spa
dc.description.sponsorshipColcienciasspa
dc.format.extent135spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationPazmiño, FA. (2020). Determinación de la asociación entre la presencia del Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV-1) en parásitos infectantes de Leishmania spp y el desarrollo de la leishmaniasis mucosa en pacientes diagnosticados de leishmaniasis cutánea en Colombia (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D. C. Colombia.spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78395
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Infecciones y Salud en el Trópicospa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y saludspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.proposalLeishmaniasisspa
dc.subject.proposalLeishmaniasiseng
dc.subject.proposalmucosal leishmaniasiseng
dc.subject.proposalleishmaniasis mucosaspa
dc.subject.proposalLeishmaniavirus (LRV)spa
dc.subject.proposalLeishmaniavirus (LRV)eng
dc.subject.proposalToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)spa
dc.subject.proposalToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)eng
dc.subject.proposalOdds ratioeng
dc.subject.proposalOdds ratiospa
dc.titleDeterminación de la asociación entre la presencia del Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV-1) en parásitos infectantes de Leishmania spp y el desarrollo de la leishmaniasis mucosa en pacientes diagnosticados de leishmaniasis cutánea en Colombiaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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