Estudio de la bioprecipitación de plomo mediado por bacterias ureolíticas y su potencial aplicación en suelo agrícola

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dc.contributor.advisorde Brito Brandão, Pedro Filipespa
dc.contributor.authorPineda Fernández, Laura Sofíaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Estudios para la Remediación y Mitigación de Impactos Negativos al Ambiente Germinaspa
dc.coverage.countryColombiaspa
dc.coverage.regionSantanderspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-10T20:35:50Z
dc.date.available2025-07-10T20:35:50Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEl plomo se ha convertido en una problemática ambiental como resultado del aumento en las emisiones por actividades antropogénicas, y representa un riesgo para la salud y el medio ambiente debido a su potencial toxicidad sobre los seres vivos. Para mitigar el impacto negativo que puede tener este metal, recientemente se ha explorado el método de precipitación de carbonatos inducida por microorganismos (MICP) utilizando bacterias ureolíticas para inmovilizar Pb(II) precipitándolo como carbonato poco soluble, reduciendo así su biodisponibilidad para organismos como las plantas en el suelo. Este proyecto tuvo como objetivo evaluar la capacidad de precipitación de carbonatos de bacterias ureolíticas tolerantes al Pb(II) y su desempeño en la inmovilización del metal en suelo agrícola. Los aislados Bacillus sp. 92g2, Serratia sp. 89b, y Serratia sp. 5b fueron seleccionados dada su alta actividad ureolítica y la capacidad de remover más del 90% del Pb(II) en solución. Después de estudiar el aporte de diferentes mecanismos de inmovilización de Pb(II) con estos aislados, se encontró que, para los aislados del género Serratia, la contribución más importante a la remoción total del metal en solución es la biosorción de Pb(II) sobre la biomasa, mientras que para Bacillus sp. 92g2 la contribución más relevante proviene de la coprecipitación del metal con la matriz de carbonatos formada. La capacidad de precipitación de carbonatos fue comprobada para los tres aislados a través del análisis de los precipitados obtenidos, usando las técnicas de IR, DRX y SEM-EDX. Por último, con el ensayo de aplicación en suelo sólo se encontró una disminución del 20% en la fracción intercambiable del metal después de 13 días de haber inoculado Serratia sp. 5b con un medio suplementado con urea y Ca(II), y del 10% después de adicionar solo medio con urea y Ca(II). Sin embargo, esta disminución no se vio reflejada en un aumento en la fracción de Pb(II) unida a carbonatos. Este trabajo permitió determinar que los aislados Bacillus sp. 92g2, Serratia sp. 5b y Serratia sp. 89b tienen una alta capacidad de remoción de Pb(II) en solución a través de mecanismos de biosorción, adsorción, y coprecipitación del metal, aunque bajo las condiciones experimentales trabajadas no resultó efectivo el tratamiento de inmovilización en suelo agrícola (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractLead has become an environmental issue due to increased emissions from anthropogenic activities and represents a health and ecological risk due to its potential toxicity to living organisms. To mitigate the negative impact that this metal can have, the microbiologically induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) method has recently been explored using ureolytic bacteria to immobilize Pb(II) by precipitating it as a poorly soluble carbonate, thus reducing its bioavailability to organisms such as plants. This project aimed to evaluate the carbonate precipitation capacity of Pb(II)-tolerant ureolytic bacteria and their performance in immobilizing the metal in agricultural soil. The isolates Bacillus sp. 92g2, Serratia sp. 89b, and Serratia sp. 5b were selected given their high ureolytic activity and ability to remove more than 90% of Pb(II) in solution. After studying the contribution of different Pb(II) immobilization mechanisms with these isolates, it was found that, for the Serratia isolates the most important contribution to the total removal of the metal in solution is the biosorption of Pb(II) on the biomass. In contrast, for Bacillus sp. 92g2 the most relevant contribution comes from the co-precipitation of the metal with the carbonate matrix formed. The carbonate precipitation capacity was verified for the three isolates through the analysis of the obtained precipitates, using IR, XRD, and SEM-EDX techniques. Finally, with the soil application assay, only a 20% decrease in the metal exchangeable fraction was found after 13 days of inoculating Serratia sp. 5b with medium supplemented with urea and Ca(II), and 10% after adding medium with urea and Ca(II). However, this decrease was not reflected in an increase in the fraction of Pb(II) bound to carbonates. This work allowed us to determine that the isolates Bacillus sp. 92g2, Serratia sp. 5b and Serratia sp. 89b have a high capacity to remove Pb(II) in solution through biosorption, adsorption, and co-precipitation of the metal. However, under the experimental conditions tested, the immobilization treatment in agricultural soil was not effective.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Microbiologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaMicrobiología Ambientalspa
dc.format.extent109 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88325
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Microbiologíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::543 - Química analíticaspa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::572 - Bioquímicaspa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::579 - Historia natural microorganismos, hongos, algasspa
dc.subject.lembPLOMO-ASPECTOS AMBIENTALESspa
dc.subject.lembLead - Environmental aspectseng
dc.subject.lembCLARIFICADORES DE AGUAS RESIDUALESspa
dc.subject.lembSewage clarifierseng
dc.subject.lembCONTAMINACION DEL AGUAspa
dc.subject.lembWater - pollutioneng
dc.subject.lembTRATAMIENTO TERRESTRE DE AGUAS RESIDUALESspa
dc.subject.lembLand treatment of wastewatereng
dc.subject.lembENZIMAS-APLICACIONES INDUSTRIALESspa
dc.subject.lembEnzymes - industrial applicationseng
dc.subject.lembADSORCIONspa
dc.subject.lembAdsorptioneng
dc.subject.proposalBiorremediaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalPlomospa
dc.subject.proposalMICP
dc.subject.proposalActividad ureolítica
dc.subject.proposalSuelo agrícola
dc.subject.proposalLeadeng
dc.subject.proposalUreolytic activityeng
dc.subject.proposalAgricultural soileng
dc.subject.proposalBioremediationeng
dc.titleEstudio de la bioprecipitación de plomo mediado por bacterias ureolíticas y su potencial aplicación en suelo agrícolaspa
dc.title.translatedStudy of lead bioprecipitation mediated by ureolytic bacteria and its potential application in agricultural soileng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleEvaluación de los mecanismos simultáneos e indicadores fisicoquímicos y biológicos durante la inmovilización de metales tóxicos por precipitación de carbonatos inducida microbiológicamente mediante bacterias ureolíticasspa
oaire.awardtitleViabilidad del uso de microorganismos que precipitan carbonatos como estrategia de biorremediación para inmovilizar metales tóxicos asociados al cultivo de cacaospa
oaire.fundernameMinisterio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Colombia (MinCiencias)spa
oaire.fundernameDirección de Investigación y Extensión sede Bogotá (DIEB), Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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