Avispas alfareras Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse (Crabronidae: Trypoxylini): morfología, comportamiento y composición bioquímica de su veneno
| dc.contributor.advisor | Durango Restrepo, Diego Luis | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Abril Ramírez, Gonzalo | |
| dc.contributor.author | Suarez, Yulian | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Suarez, Yulian [0009000372495866] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Durango Restrepo, Diego Luis [0000000335751253] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Abril Ramirez, Gonzalo [0000000159624262] | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-11-28T19:36:11Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-11-28T19:36:11Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-11-27 | |
| dc.description.abstract | La presente investigación se centró en el análisis morfológico, comportamental y bioquímico de la avispa Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse, una especie solitaria de la familia Crabronidae que ha desarrollado adaptaciones notables para cazar arañas y garantizar condiciones óptimas a su descendencia. A través de una aproximación integradora, se abordaron objetivos que permitieron comprender la relación entre la morfología especializada de esta avispa, sus estrategias comportamentales, la caracterización bioquímica de sus diferentes estados de desarrollo y la composición bioquímica de su veneno. En términos morfológicos, se describieron rasgos morfofuncionales asociados a su comportamiento reproductivo y de cuidado parental. La eficiencia en la captura de arañas y provisión del nido está determinada por adaptaciones como la estructura del pecíolo y la curvatura de los elementos de inyección del veneno (EIV). En cuanto al comportamiento, se documentaron estrategias complejas de nidificación y depredación. La hembra construye nidos compuestos por varias celdas, en los que oviposita al completar su volumen con arañas semi-paralizadas que serán el alimento de sus larvas. Se identificó que la asignación de sexo es equilibrada y que un mayor volumen de las celdas no tiene un efecto pronunciado sobre la probabilidad de que emerjan hembras, como se ha reportado para otras poblaciones de esta especie en Suramérica. La caracterización bioquímica reveló que los lípidos volátiles varían según el estado ontogenético. Se identificaron ácidos grasos, hidrocarburos y esteroles que se relacionan con funciones específicas de cada estadio, como la protección contra patógenos, la regulación de la pérdida de agua y la comunicación química. En particular, se propone que compuestos como el 10-metilnonadecano y el (9E)-octacoseno pueden tener un rol como semioquímicos. Además, se identificaron compuestos en el veneno de la avispa de los que se ha reportado efecto paralizante y antimicrobiano. En síntesis, los hallazgos de la presente investigación muestran que T. lactitarse se ha especializado en su comportamiento, morfología y su bioquímica, explicando su éxito adaptativo y amplia distribución. Este estudio contribuye a la investigación sobre evolución de estrategias reproductivas en avispas de hábitos solitarios, así como del potencial farmacológico de los compuestos de su veneno. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | This research focused on the morphological, behavioral, and biochemical analysis of the wasp Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse, a solitary species of the Crabronidae family that has developed remarkable adaptations for hunting spiders and ensuring optimal conditions for its offspring. Through an integrative approach, objectives were addressed that allowed us to understand the relationship between the specialized morphology of this wasp, its behavioral strategies, the biochemical characterization of its different stages of development, and the biochemical composition of its venom. In morphological terms, morphofunctional traits associated with its reproductive and parental care behavior were described. Efficiency in spider capture and nest provision is determined by adaptations such as the structure of the petiole and the curvature of the venom injection elements (VIE). In terms of behavior, complex nesting and predation strategies were documented. The female builds nests composed of several cells, in which she oviposits, filling them with semi-paralyzed spiders that will serve as food for her larvae. Sex allocation was found to be balanced, and a larger cell volume did not have a pronounced effect on the probability of females emerging, as has been reported for other populations of this species in South America. Biochemical characterization revealed that volatile lipids vary according to ontogenetic stage. Fatty acids, hydrocarbons, and sterols were identified that are related to specific functions of each stage, such as protection against pathogens, regulation of water loss, and chemical communication. In particular, it is proposed that compounds such as 10-methylnonadecane and (9E)-octacosene may play a role as semiochemicals. In addition, compounds were identified in the venom of the wasp that have been reported to have paralyzing and antimicrobial effects. In summary, the findings of this research show that T. lactitarse has specialized in its behavior, morphology, and biochemistry, explaining its adaptive success and wide distribution. This study contributes to research on the evolution of reproductive strategies in solitary wasps, as well as the pharmacological potential of the compounds in their venom. Translated with DeepL.com (free version) | eng |
| dc.description.curriculararea | Ciencias Naturales.Sede Medellín | |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ciencias entomología | |
| dc.format.extent | 1 recurso en línea (110 páginas) | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89160 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales | |
| dc.publisher.place | Medellín, Colombia | |
| dc.publisher.program | Medellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Entomología | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología::572 - Bioquímica | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 570 - Biología::577 - Ecología | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Comportamiento animal | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Veneno de avispas | |
| dc.subject.other | Avispas alfareras Trypoxylo | |
| dc.subject.proposal | Avispa alfarera | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Comportamiento | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Morfología | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Bioquímica | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Avispas solitarias | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Crabronidae | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Cuidado parental | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Nidificación | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Veneno | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Lípidos | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Apoid wasp | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Venom | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Behaviours | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Lipids | eng |
| dc.title | Avispas alfareras Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse (Crabronidae: Trypoxylini): morfología, comportamiento y composición bioquímica de su veneno | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Clay dauber wasps Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse (Crabronidae: Trypoxylini): morphology, behavior and biochemical composition of their venom | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Estudiantes | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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