Living individuals: self, body, and meaning in the organism and its world

dc.contributor.advisorBotero, Juan Joséspa
dc.contributor.authorCastañeda Ayala, Davidspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupFilosofía y Cogniciónspa
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-27T15:42:44Zspa
dc.date.available2020-08-27T15:42:44Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-05-29spa
dc.description.abstractLa cognición presupone una relación entre un individuo vivo y su entorno físico. De acuerdo con esto, mi intención es mostrar en esta tesis que la individualidad del ser vivo, aunque permanece independiente del exterior e idéntica a través del tiempo, se constituye dinámicamente en la relación dialéctica con su mundo circundante. Individualidad no significa aquí el objeto definido de nuestra experiencia fenomenológica sino la misma experiencia vivida de ser un individuo que subyace a todo acto fenomenológico: mi objetivo no es ofrecer a teoría de cómo individuamos los objetos en nuestro mundo circundante o, más específicamente, el subconjunto de esos objectos que corresponden a lo que conocemos como seres vivos (aunque tendré que decir algo general al respecto) sino más bien cómo soy yo mismo un individuo viviente y cómo ser individuo es la condición para todas mis experiencias subsiguientes. Voy a acercarme a este problema explorando cuatro características básicas de lo que define algo como un individuo y voy a dividir la tesis de acuerdo con estas características: En el primer capítulo, explore la unicidad del individuo vivo, el hecho de que, como individuo vivo, yo soy lo que soy y nada más puede ser yo; esto me lleva a explorar los aspectos autorreferenciales de la experiencia y la distinción radical entre mí como sujeto y el mundo como fenómeno; explorando la unicidad, también reconozco la naturaleza esencialmente material de los organismos e incluyo el problema de la totalidad como parte de este capítulo; en este sentido, exploro la idea de la composición material compleja y la unidad auto-causada y también estudio críticamente algunas propuestas tales como la teoría Kantiana de los fines naturales y la teoría de la autopoiesis. En el segundo capítulo, explore la diferenciación del individuo con otros seres en su mundo circundante y me enfoco particularmente en la relación dialéctica entre el organismo y su entorno, esto eso, la semi-paradoja particular entre la necesidad y la libertad que le da la identidad al organismo como independiente y, al mismo tiempo, dependiente de su entorno; también exploro la idea de espacio y cómo esta fundamenta la relación cognitiva que tiene el organismo con su entorno. En el último capítulo, exploro la identidad temporal del individuo vivo que sigue siendo el mismo, no sólo a pesar del cambio sino gracias a él; propongo que la base para una identidad continua a través del tiempo es la relación normativa que constituyo con mi ambiente, una relación en la cual el mundo es para mí, no sólo porque se me aparece sino porque puedo evaluar mis interacciones con él dependiendo de qué tan convenientes o inconvenientes son para mi propia vida; es con esta evaluación que yo constituyo los hábitos que me hacen familiar a mi mundo circundante, que crean mi hábitat. Termino con algunas reflexiones sobre los posibles desarrollos de esta teoría y sobre el trabajo que queda por hacerse, especialmente con respecto a temas como el lenguaje y la intersubjetividad.spa
dc.description.abstractCognition presupposes a relationship between a living individual and its physical environment. According to this, I intend to show in this thesis that the individuality of the living being, though it remains independent of the outside and identical through time, is dynamically constituted in the dialectical relationship with its surrounding world. Individuality here means not the definite object of our phenomenological experience but the very lived experience of being an individual that underlies every phenomenological act: my aim is not giving a theory of how we individuate the objects in our surrounding world or, more specifically, the subset of those objects that correspond to what we know as living beings – though I will have to say something general about it – but rather how I am myself a living individual and how my being individual is the condition for all further experience. I will approach this problem by exploring four basic characteristics of what defines something as an individual and will divide the thesis according to these characteristics: In the first chapter, I explore the uniqueness of the living individual, the fact that, as a living individual, I am what I am and nothing else can be me; this leads me to explore the self-referential aspects of experience and the radical distinction between me as a subject and the world as a phenomenon; by exploring uniqueness I also recognize the essentially material nature of living organisms and include the problem of wholeness as part of this chapter; in this sense, I explore the idea of complex material composition and self-caused unity and also study critically some proposals such as the Kantian theory of natural ends and the theory of autopoiesis. In the second chapter, I explore the differentiation of the individual from other beings in its surrounding world and focus particularly on the dialectical relationship between the organism and its environment, that is, the particular semi-paradox between need and freedom that gives the identity to the organism as independent and, at the same time, dependent on its environment; I also explore the idea of space and how it grounds the cognitive relationship that the organism has with its environment. In the last chapter, I explore the temporal identity of the living individual that remains the same, not only in spite of change but thanks to it; I propose that the basis for a continuous identity through time is the normative relation that I constitute with my environment, a relation in which the world is for me, not only because it appears to me, but because I can appraise my interactions with it depending on how convenient or inconvenient they are for my own life; it is by this appraisal that I constitute the habits that make my surrounding world familiar for me, that make it my habitat. I finish with some reflections on the possible developments of this theory and on the work that remains to be done, especially with respect to topics like language and intersubjectivity.spa
dc.description.additionalLínea de Investigación: Filosofía y Cogniciónspa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.projectLa comprensión dinámica del cuerpo a partir de la animaciónspa
dc.format.extent168spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78265
dc.language.isoengspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Filosofíaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Humanas - Doctorado en Filosofíaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc110 - Metafísicaspa
dc.subject.ddc111 - Ontologíaspa
dc.subject.ddc113 - Cosmología (Filosofía de la naturaleza)spa
dc.subject.ddc120 - Epistemología, causalidad, humanidadspa
dc.subject.ddc124 - Teleologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalIndividualeng
dc.subject.proposalIndividuospa
dc.subject.proposalIndividuationeng
dc.subject.proposalIndividuaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalSubjectivityeng
dc.subject.proposalSubjetividadspa
dc.subject.proposalMaterialidadspa
dc.subject.proposalMaterialityeng
dc.subject.proposalTemporalityeng
dc.subject.proposalTemporalidadspa
dc.subject.proposalHabitseng
dc.subject.proposalHábitosspa
dc.titleLiving individuals: self, body, and meaning in the organism and its worldspa
dc.title.alternativeIndividuos vivos: subjetividad, cuerpo y significado en el organismo y su mundospa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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