Análisis de la toma de decisiones guiada afectivamente en una versión modificada de la tarea de azar Iowa

dc.contributor.advisorTamayo Osorio, Ricardo Mauricio
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz Tabares, Luisa Fernanda
dc.contributor.researchgroupPsicología Experimental y Aplicadaspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-20T20:08:28Z
dc.date.available2021-08-20T20:08:28Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-19
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractTradicionalmente se ha considerado que el ser humano toma decisiones primordialmente racionales, sin embargo, los estudios contemporáneos en psicología indican que las emociones influyen implícitamente sobre nuestras elecciones, especialmente en situaciones de incertidumbre. La Hipótesis del Marcador Somático es una teoría que explica los mecanismos psicológicos mediante los cuales las emociones influyen en nuestras elecciones. Desde esta perspectiva, los estados fisiológicos subyacentes a las emociones marcan nuestras elecciones como ventajosas o desventajosas en función de las recompensas que se esperan obtener. Los marcadores somáticos implicados en la toma de decisiones se han estudiado principalmente mediante la Tarea de Azar de Iowa (IGT). Sin embargo, parecen existir varias inconsistencias en los resultados de diferentes experimentos realizados con la misma tarea. La literatura sugiere que existen fallas metodológicas en la IGT que cuestionan las explicaciones tradicionales acerca los mecanismos mediante los cuales los marcadores somáticos influyen en las decisiones. Recientemente, han surgido teorías alternas sobre la función de los marcadores somáticos y nuevas versiones de la IGT. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar los factores que guían la toma de decisiones en una versión modificada de la IGT, por esto se creó una versión de la IGT basada en la versión propuesta de Cauffman (2010). Once participantes resolvieron la versión modificada que consistía en decidir si apostar o no a la opción ofrecida por el sistema. Durante la ejecución de la tarea se evaluaron tipos de variables dependientes: la respuesta emocional expresada a través de marcadores somáticos medidos como la respuesta de conductancia de la piel; la respuesta conductual expresada a través de la frecuencia de elecciones y el puntaje neto; y el conocimiento explícito de la tarea evaluado a través de un cuestionario. Los resultados mostraron que los marcadores somáticos guían la toma de decisiones. La intensidad de la respuesta emocional se relacionó con la elección realizada por los participantes y no con la opción más ventajosa. Adicionalmente, los marcadores somáticos actuaron en forma de alarma o incentivo según la respuesta emitida por los participantes. Los hallazgos sugieren que no existe un solo factor que active los marcadores somáticos y guíe la toma de decisiones. Por consiguiente, la actividad del marcador somático depende de la silencia contextual de un factor para generar mayor respuesta emocional. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractTraditionally it has been considered that human beings make primarily rational decisions; however, contemporary studies in psychology indicate that emotions implicitly influence our choices, especially in situations of uncertainty. The Somatic Marker Hypothesis is a theory that explains the psychological mechanisms by which emotions influence our choices. From this perspective, the physiological states underlying emotions mark our choices as advantageous or disadvantageous depending on the expected rewards to be obtained. Somatic markers involved in decision making have been studied primarily using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). However, there appear to be several inconsistencies in the results of different experiments conducted with the same task. The literature suggests that there are methodological flaws in the IGT that challenge traditional explanations of the mechanisms by which somatic markers influence decisions. Recently, alternative theories about the role of somatic markers and new versions of IGT have emerged. The aim of the present study is to assess the factors that guide decision making in a modified version of the IGT, for this a version of the IGT was created based on the proposed Cauffman´s version (2010). Eleven participants solved the modified version that consisted of deciding whether or not to bet on the option offered by the system. During the execution of the task, types of dependent variables were assessed: emotional response expressed through somatic markers measured as skin conductance response; behavioral response expressed through choice frequency and net score; and explicit knowledge of the task assessed through a questionnaire. Results showed that somatic markers guide decision making. The intensity of the emotional response was related to the choice made by the participants and not to the most advantageous option. Additionally, somatic markers acted in the form of alarm or incentive depending on the response emitted by the participants. The findings suggest that there is no single factor that activates somatic markers and guides decision making. Therefore, somatic marker activity depends on contextual silencing of a factor to generate further emotional response. (Text taken from source)eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Psicologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaCognición Implícitaspa
dc.format.extent92 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79988
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Psicologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Humanasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Humanas - Maestría en Psicologíaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc150 - Psicologíaspa
dc.subject.decsTerapia Centrada en la Emoción
dc.subject.decsEmotion-Focused Therapy
dc.subject.decsToma de Decisiones
dc.subject.decsDecision Making
dc.subject.proposalToma de decisiones bajo incertidumbrespa
dc.subject.proposalEmociónspa
dc.subject.proposalMarcador somáticospa
dc.subject.proposalIowa Gambling Taskspa
dc.subject.proposalDecision making under uncertaintyeng
dc.subject.proposalEmotioneng
dc.subject.proposalSomatic markereng
dc.subject.proposalIowa Gambling Taskeng
dc.titleAnálisis de la toma de decisiones guiada afectivamente en una versión modificada de la tarea de azar Iowaspa
dc.title.translatedAnalysis of affectively guided decision-making in a modified-version of the Iowa Gambling Taskeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceEspecializada
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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