Propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la óptica geométrica a través de actividades experimentales mediadas con las TIC: estudio de caso
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Montoya Restrepo, Alejandra Paola
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Es muy común que la enseñanza de la física se asuma como la sola presentación de leyes o conceptos y por lo general, se carece de la realización de actividades experimentales que motiven a los estudiantes en la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos. En este trabajo se implementó una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la óptica geométrica a través de actividades experimentales mediadas con las TIC, la cual se aplicó en la Institución Educativa las Nieves con estudiantes del grado once. Como referente pedagógico se tomó la teoría de aprendizaje significativo crítico de Ausbel y Moreira. El desarrollo de la propuesta constó de ocho sesiones en donde se utilizaron simulaciones a través de dispositivos móviles (celular y tabletas) y luego se implementaron éstas en forma experimental. Los temas tratados fueron: el concepto de rayo, las leyes de reflexión y refracción, y los sistemas formadores de imágenes. El análisis cuantitativo del resultado de la aplicación de la propuesta se realizó usando el denominado factor de Hake, el cual mostró que los estudiantes lograron una ganancia de aprendizaje entre media y alta. Algo muy importante es el agrado con el que los estudiantes abordaron los temas en todas las sesiones
Abstract: It is very common that the teaching of physics to be considered like the introduction of laws and concepts and usually lacks the implementation of lab experiment activities that get to motivate students in the adquisition of new knowledge. In this paper a didactic proposal was implemented for the teaching of geometrical optics through different lab experiments measure by use of ICT which was held in Institución Educativa Las Nieves with eleventh grade students. Meaningfull learning theory by David Ausbel and Moreira was used as an educational referent. This proposal was developed in eight sessions, where students used simulations by using mobile phones and tablets, then these were done in an experimental way. The topics used were: concept of ray, laws of reflection an refraction, and image production systems. The quantitative analisys of the results of the development of the proposal was done by using the Hake factor, which showed that the students achieved results between average and superior. It is important to remark that the students were really eager to study the topics during all sessions.
Abstract: It is very common that the teaching of physics to be considered like the introduction of laws and concepts and usually lacks the implementation of lab experiment activities that get to motivate students in the adquisition of new knowledge. In this paper a didactic proposal was implemented for the teaching of geometrical optics through different lab experiments measure by use of ICT which was held in Institución Educativa Las Nieves with eleventh grade students. Meaningfull learning theory by David Ausbel and Moreira was used as an educational referent. This proposal was developed in eight sessions, where students used simulations by using mobile phones and tablets, then these were done in an experimental way. The topics used were: concept of ray, laws of reflection an refraction, and image production systems. The quantitative analisys of the results of the development of the proposal was done by using the Hake factor, which showed that the students achieved results between average and superior. It is important to remark that the students were really eager to study the topics during all sessions.