Generación de insumos inmunológicos de utilidad en la elaboración de pruebas rápidas como alternativa costo efectiva para el diagnóstico del cáncer de cuello uterino en zonas rurales de Colombia

dc.contributor.advisorRamírez Hernández, María Helenaspa
dc.contributor.authorGómez Avendaño, Gabrielaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupLibbiq Unspa
dc.coverage.temporalColombiaspa
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000050
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-30T02:05:20Z
dc.date.available2025-10-30T02:05:20Z
dc.date.issued2025-10-28
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEl Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es un virus de ADN doble cadena, cubierto por una cápside proteica icosaédrica, sin envoltura. Su infección se adquiere principalmente por contacto sexual, siendo uno de los virus de transmisión sexual más comunes en el mundo. Actualmente, se han descrito más de 150 genotipos, algunos de importancia clínica (VPH de alto riesgo) por su capacidad de generar una infección persistente en el tracto anogenital femenino, induciendo la proliferación celular del epitelio cervical, por lo que se conocen como la causa principal de Cáncer de Cuello Uterino (CaCU). En Colombia, en 2022, el CaCU fue el segundo en ocasionar más muertes en mujeres, con 80 defunciones y 403 casos nuevos reportados. La ruta diagnóstica comprende PCR para detección de ADN del VPH, citología cervicovaginal, colposcopia y biopsia; sin embargo, en regiones rurales dispersas del país, debido a las limitaciones sociales, económicas y de desplazamiento a los sitios de salud, el diagnóstico se hace principalmente con técnicas de inspección visual, las cuales son menos sensibles, pero de resultado inmediato. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este estudio fue generar bioinsumos inmunológicos (proteínas recombinantes y anticuerpos) que constituyan la primera fase para el desarrollo de un sistema de rápida detección de oncoproteínas de VPH alto riesgo, como alternativa para el apoyo diagnóstico de CaCU en zonas rurales de Colombia. Combinando herramientas computacionales, de biología molecular y bioquímicas se logró la generación de un anticuerpo aviar anti MBP-E6VPH16 mediante la construcción de un vector recombinante que permitió obtener el péptido antigénico elegido a través de herramientas computacionales. El anticuerpo se caracterizó mediante ensayos de western blot y ELISA. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) is a double-stranded DNA virus, covered by an icosahedral protein capsid, without envelope. Its infection is acquired mainly by sexual contact, being one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses in the world. Currently, more than 150 genotypes have been described, some of clinical importance (high-risk HPV) for their ability to generate a persistent infection in the female anogenital tract, inducing cell proliferation of the cervical epithelium, so they are known as the main cause of Cervical Cancer (CaCU). In Colombia, in 2022, CaCU was the second leading cause of death in women, with 80 deaths and 403 new cases reported. The diagnostic pathway includes PCR for HPV DNA detection, cervicovaginal cytology, colposcopy and biopsy; however, in dispersed rural regions of the country, due to social, economic and travel limitations to health sites, diagnosis is mainly done with visual inspection techniques, which are less sensitive, but with immediate results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to generate immunological bioinputs (recombinant proteins and antibodies) that constitute the first phase for the development of a rapid detection system for high-risk HPV oncoproteins, as an alternative for the diagnostic support of CaCU in rural areas of Colombia. Combining computational, molecular biology and biochemical tools, the generation of an avian anti MBP-E6VPH16 antibody was achieved through the construction of a recombinant vector that allowed obtaining the chosen antigenic peptide through computational tools. The antibody was characterized by western blot and ELISA assays.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Bioquímicaspa
dc.format.extent81 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89079
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Químicaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Bioquímicaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::572 - Bioquímicaspa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.decsPoblación Ruralspa
dc.subject.decsRural Populationeng
dc.subject.decsNeoplasias del Cuello Uterinospa
dc.subject.decsUterine Cervical Neoplasmseng
dc.subject.decsInfecciones por Papillomavirusspa
dc.subject.decsPapillomavirus Infectionseng
dc.subject.decsPoblación Ruralspa
dc.subject.decsRural Populationeng
dc.subject.proposalVirus del papiloma humanospa
dc.subject.proposalCáncer de cuello uterinospa
dc.subject.proposalBioinsumospa
dc.subject.proposalHuman papillomaviruseng
dc.subject.proposalCervical cancereng
dc.subject.proposalBioinputeng
dc.titleGeneración de insumos inmunológicos de utilidad en la elaboración de pruebas rápidas como alternativa costo efectiva para el diagnóstico del cáncer de cuello uterino en zonas rurales de Colombiaspa
dc.title.translatedGeneration of immunological tools for the development of rapid tests as a cost-effective alternative for the diagnosis of cervical cancer in rural areas of Colombiaeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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