Valorización de cascarilla de arroz a través de una estrategia de biorrefinería y determinación del impacto ambiental mediante el análisis de ciclo de vida del proceso

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dc.contributor.advisorZapata Zapata, Arley David
dc.contributor.authorEraso Calvachi, Lina Maria
dc.contributor.researchgroupBiotecnología Industrialspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-31T18:52:02Z
dc.date.available2025-03-31T18:52:02Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionIlustracionesspa
dc.description.abstractDebido a la amplia disponibilidad de la cascarilla de arroz, su bajo costo como subproducto del procesamiento del arroz, la inadecuada disposición actual y su subutilización, surge la necesidad de su valorización. Por ello, en el presente estudio se propone la aplicación de una estrategia de biorrefinería para transformar la cascarilla de arroz en metabolitos de valor agregado como el xilitol y la glucosa, además, de la realización de un análisis ciclo de vida (ACV) para determinar el impacto ambiental del proceso de biorrefinación propuesto. Para ello, se evaluó el efecto del tamaño de partícula y tiempo de hidrólisis ácida para la producción de xilosa, posteriormente se llevó a cabo la adaptación de la levadura Candida tropicalis y se estudió la concentración de xilosa y de inóculo para la producción de xilitol mediante fermentación. Posteriormente, se determinó el efecto de la carga de enzima FoodPro® CBL y el sustrato en la hidrólisis enzimática para la producción de glucosa. Entre las posibles aplicaciones de la glucosa, se exploró su uso en la producción de etanol y finalmente se realizó un ACV. Los resultados indicaron que las partículas de mayor tamaño generaron la mayor producción de xilosa, siendo la cascarilla de arroz sin moler durante 60 min el tratamiento óptimo, con una concentración de xilosa de 12,846 g/L. Para la producción de xilitol se determinó que la concentración de xilosa es el factor determinante sobre la producción de xilitol, por medio del modelo matemático desarrollado se establecieron condiciones óptimas de 4,41 g/L de inóculo y 68,28 g/L de xilosa, logrando una concentración de xilitol de 36,74 g/L. En cuanto a la producción de glucosa, ambos factores influyeron significativamente, con condiciones óptimas de relación sólido-líquido de 24,57% y dosis de enzima de 22,43 FPU/g, logrando una concentración de glucosa de 10,31 g/L. A partir de la glucosa obtenida, se produjo 4,43 g/L de etanol, destacando su potencial para la generación de biocombustibles. Mediante el ACV, se identificó que el principal punto crítico del proceso es el uso de electricidad, proponiéndose mejoras en su uso y en el proceso en general. Este proyecto demuestra que la cascarilla de arroz puede ser valorizada mediante una estrategia de biorrefinería, obteniendo productos de valor agregado y destacando su potencial como fuente de producción de metabolitos en la industria biotecnológica. Así mismo, proporciona una base para la adopción de tecnologías de biorrefinería en la gestión de residuos agrícolas y reitera la importancia del ACV en la evaluación de nuevos procesos industriales. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractTitle: Rice husk valorization through a biorefinery strategy and determination of environmental impact through process life cycle assessment Due to the wide availability of rice husk, its low cost as a by-product of rice processing, its inadequate current disposal and its underutilization, the need for its valorization arises. Therefore, in the present study, the application of a biorefinery strategy is proposed to transform rice husk into value-added metabolites such as xylitol and glucose, in addition to the realization of a life cycle analysis (LCA) to determine the environmental impact of the proposed biorefining process. To achieve this, the effect of particle size and acid hydrolysis time to produce xylose was evaluated, then the adaptation of the Candida tropicalis yeast was carried out, and the concentration of xylose and inoculum for the production of xylitol through fermentation were studied. Subsequently, the effect of the FoodPro® CBL enzyme and substrate load on the enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain glucose was determined. Among the possible applications of glucose, its use in ethanol production was explored and finally an LCA was performed. The results indicated that the largest particles generated the highest xylose production, with unmilled rice husk for 60 min being the optimal treatment, with a xylose concentration of 12,846 g/L. For xylitol production, it was determined that xylose concentration is the determining factor on xylitol production. Through the mathematical model, optimal conditions of 4,41 g/L of inoculum and 68,28 g/L of xylose were established, achieving a xylitol concentration of 36,74 g/L. Regarding glucose production, both factors had a significant influence, with optimal conditions of solid-liquid ratio of 24,57% and enzyme dose of 22,43 FPU/g, achieving a glucose concentration of 10,31 g/L. From the glucose obtained, 4,43 g/L of ethanol was produced, highlighting its potential for biofuel generation. Through the LCA, it was identified that the main critical point of the process is the use of electricity, proposing improvements in its use and in the process in general. This project demonstrates that rice husk can be valorized through a biorefinery strategy, obtaining value-added products and highlighting its potential as a source of metabolite production in the biotechnology industry. It also provides a basis for the adoption of biorefinery technologies in agricultural waste management and emphasizes the importance of LCA in the evaluation of new industrial processes.eng
dc.description.curricularareaÁrea curricular Biotecnologíaspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ciencias - Biotecnologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaAprovechamiento biotecnológico de residuos agroindustrialesspa
dc.format.extent154 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87792
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnologíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.armarcHidrólisis enzimática
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería química::662 - Tecnología de explosivos, combustibles, productos relacionadosspa
dc.subject.ddc660 - Ingeniería química::661 - Tecnología de químicos industrialesspa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::572 - Bioquímicaspa
dc.subject.lembCascarilla de arroz
dc.subject.proposalresiduos agrícolasspa
dc.subject.proposalxilitolspa
dc.subject.proposalglucosaspa
dc.subject.proposalsacarificaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalcascarilla de arrozspa
dc.subject.proposalresiduos lignocelulósicosspa
dc.subject.proposalAgricultural residueseng
dc.subject.proposalxylitoleng
dc.subject.proposalglucoseeng
dc.subject.proposalsaccharificationeng
dc.subject.proposalrice huskeng
dc.subject.proposallignocellulosic residueseng
dc.subject.wikidataXilosa
dc.titleValorización de cascarilla de arroz a través de una estrategia de biorrefinería y determinación del impacto ambiental mediante el análisis de ciclo de vida del procesospa
dc.title.translatedRice husk valorization through a biorefinery strategy and determination of environmental impact through process life cycle assessmenteng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
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dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
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oaire.awardtitleValorización biotecnológica de residuos industriales y determinación del impacto ambiental del proceso – Proyecto HERMES 49639spa
oaire.fundernameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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