Evaluación del crecimiento de Macrobrachium americanum con alimentación a tres niveles de profundidad
Autores
Paredes Vallejo, Francisco Javier
Director
Tipo de contenido
Trabajo de grado - Maestría
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EspañolFecha de publicación
2019-10-04
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Resumen
El camarón munchilla, también llamado cauque o langostino de agua dulce, es una de las especies con mayor potencial productivo de la región Pacífico, pero su alta agresividad y el efecto de las feromonas que expelen los machos adultos, inhiben el crecimiento de los machos cercanos. Se evaluó el comportamiento del camarón sometido al confinamiento individual en acuarios de 2.7 litros, en un sistema de recirculación, con un diseño de bloques al azar, en tres tratamientos y diez replicas por tratamiento, T1 sin comedero, T2 comedero al nivel del agua y T3 comedero a un centímetro por arriba del agua. Se evaluó el efecto del confinamiento sobre el crecimiento, la supervivencia, la muda y los costos de producción. El peso medio inicial fue de 10+/- 2 g y el peso medio final fue de 15 +/- 2g, después de un periodo de 22 semanas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los pesos medios finales, tampoco se encontró una dependencia entre los tratamientos y la supervivencia, así mismo se encontró que el sistema evita la muerte de camarones por depredación, se habituaron al consumo de alimento en los diferentes tratamientos y los costos de producción se equiparan con los obtenidos por metro cubico en sistemas tradicionales, la muda o ecdisis se presentó regularmente sin afectar la supervivencia en este sistema. Las feromonas se capturaron en el sistema de recirculación con carbón activado, no se observó el efecto de las feromonas en el crecimiento de machos.
//Abstract: The shrimp munchilla, also called cauque or freshwater prawn, is one of the species with greater productive potential of the Pacific region, but its high aggressiveness and the effect of pheromones that expel adult males, inhibit the growth of nearby males. The behavior of shrimp subjected to individual confinement in 2.7-liter aquariums was evaluated in a recirculation system, with a randomized block design, in three treatments and ten replicates per treatment, T1 without feeder, T2 trough at the water level and T3 feeder to one centimeter above the water. The effect of confinement on growth, survival, moulting and production costs was evaluated. The initial average weight was 10 +/- 2 g and the final average weight was 15 +/- 2 g, after a period of 22 weeks. No significant differences were found between the final average weights, nor was there a dependency between the treatments and the survival, likewise it was found that the system avoids the death of shrimp due to predation, habituated to the consumption of food in the different treatments and production costs are equated with those obtained per cubic meter in traditional systems, molt or ecdysis was presented regularly without affecting survival in this system. The pheromones were captured in the recirculation system with activated charcoal, the effect of pheromones on the growth of males was not observed.
//Abstract: The shrimp munchilla, also called cauque or freshwater prawn, is one of the species with greater productive potential of the Pacific region, but its high aggressiveness and the effect of pheromones that expel adult males, inhibit the growth of nearby males. The behavior of shrimp subjected to individual confinement in 2.7-liter aquariums was evaluated in a recirculation system, with a randomized block design, in three treatments and ten replicates per treatment, T1 without feeder, T2 trough at the water level and T3 feeder to one centimeter above the water. The effect of confinement on growth, survival, moulting and production costs was evaluated. The initial average weight was 10 +/- 2 g and the final average weight was 15 +/- 2 g, after a period of 22 weeks. No significant differences were found between the final average weights, nor was there a dependency between the treatments and the survival, likewise it was found that the system avoids the death of shrimp due to predation, habituated to the consumption of food in the different treatments and production costs are equated with those obtained per cubic meter in traditional systems, molt or ecdysis was presented regularly without affecting survival in this system. The pheromones were captured in the recirculation system with activated charcoal, the effect of pheromones on the growth of males was not observed.