Enriquecimiento ambiental y comportamiento de primates en cautiverio

dc.contributor.advisorGutiérrez Dominguez, Germán Antoniospa
dc.contributor.advisorArbaiza Bayona, Ana Luciaspa
dc.contributor.authorVarila Murcia, Angie Paolaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupAprendizaje y Comportamiento Animalspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-18T02:11:13Z
dc.date.available2025-09-18T02:11:13Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-29
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractEl Enriquecimiento Ambiental se ha establecido como una estrategia de modificación del ambiente que promueve el bienestar de animales bajo cuidado humano y ha sido ampliamente investigado. El presente estudio busco evaluar el efecto de dos estrategias de enriquecimiento en el presupuesto de actividad de un un grupo de 6 primates del genero cebus alojados en la Unidade de Rescate y Rehabilitación de Animales Silvestres de la Universidad Nacional de Colomia. Se empleo un dieño secuencial que alternaba entre las condiciones de enriquecimiento (dieta diferente y dispositivos) y de no enriquecimiento. Se realizaron grabaciones en la mañana y la tarde Se analizaron 30 días de observación en video, codificados mediante muestreo de barrido con puntos de observación cada minuto, utilizando el software BORIS. Cuatro observadores entrenados, junto con la investigadora, realizaron el registro conductual tras alcanzar niveles aceptables de acuerdo interjueces (alfa de Krippendorff > 0.8). Los resultados mostraron cambios individuales en las proporciones de tiempo dedicadas a forrajeo, exploración, descanso y conductas afiliativas. Las conductas anormales fueron escasas o inexistentes, posiblemente debido al alojamiento grupal y las dinámicas sociales del grupo. Se concluye que el enriquecimiento puede contribuir al bienestar de primates en rehabilitación, pero sus efectos dependen de variables individuales y sociales. Se destaca la importancia de reportar también efectos nulos o variables, especialmente en contextos de rescate donde las condiciones son menos controladas que en laboratorios o zoológicos. El estudio aporta evidencia útil para diseñar intervenciones ajustadas a las necesidades conductuales de cada individuo. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractEnvironmental enrichment has been established as a strategy for modifying the environment that promotes the welfare of animals in human care and has been extensively researched. The present study sought to evaluate the effect of two enrichment strategies on the activity budget of a group of six Cebus primates housed at the Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Unit of the National University of Colombia. A sequential design was used that alternated between enrichment conditions (different diet and devices) and non-enrichment conditions. Recordings were made in the morning and afternoon. Thirty days of video observation were analyzed, coded using sweep sampling with observation points every minute, using BORIS software. Four trained observers, together with the researcher, recorded behavior after reaching acceptable levels of inter-rater agreement (Krippendorff's alpha > 0.8). The results showed individual changes in the proportions of time spent foraging, exploring, resting, and engaging in affiliative behaviors. Abnormal behaviors were rare or nonexistent, possibly due to group housing and group social dynamics. It is concluded that enrichment can contribute to the welfare of primates in rehabilitation, but its effects depend on individual and social variables. The importance of also reporting null or variable effects is highlighted, especially in rescue contexts where conditions are less controlled than in laboratories or zoos. The study provides useful evidence for designing interventions tailored to the behavioral needs of each individual.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Psicologíaspa
dc.description.methodsSujetos Se observaron 6 ejemplares de la especie Cebus spp. (monos cariblancos) alojados en la Unidad de Rescate y Rehabilitación de Animales Silvestres (URRAS) de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. El grupo de monos cariblancos actualmente se compone de 4 hembras y 2 machos (ver Tabla 2-1). Se desconoce la especie exacta a la que pertenece cada ejemplar. Diseño Experimental Se empleó un diseño secuencial para evaluar los efectos de dos estrategias de enriquecimiento alimenticio (en adelante enriquecimiento). Esto implicó alternar entre diferentes condiciones (A, B, B', C, C´) para observar cómo afectan el comportamiento de los primates. Estrategias de Enriquecimiento. Dieta diferente (B y B´). Consistió en presentar alimentos que no se incluyen comúnmente en la dieta diaria y cuyo procesamiento es más difícil. Los alimentos que constituyeron esta dieta fueron: macadamias, pistachos, cocos, guamas, larvas de Tenebrio molitor, cucarachas pequeñas (no vivas), zapotes, gulupas, mangostinos, uchuvas, huevos de codorniz, anones, mamoncillos, toronbolos, granadillas, frutos de dos árboles del campus de la universidad, Eugenia y Cerezo criollo. Dispositivos (C y C´). Consistió en presentar dos dispositivos. Un dispositivo artificial de plástico con forma cilíndrica y 17 compartimentos internos. Este dispositivo fue comprado y modificado por la investigadora para que en su interior se pudieran esconder trozos de comida. En ambas caras del dispositivo se tejió una pita de manera que se creó una red para así impedir que los alimentos salieran del dispositivo fácilmente. Con este propósito, también se colocó paja en los compartimentos. Los ítems de comida colocados hacían parte de la dieta habitual; y un dispositivo natural, que correspondía a los frutos del árbol Eucalipto pomarroso (Corymbia ficifolia). Estos frutos son huecos, y en su interior se introdujeron semillas de girasol. Condiciones Experimentales. A: Presentación de la dieta habitual en el horario habitual. B: Presentación de alimentos contemplados en la estrategia de dieta diferente 1 hora antes de la dieta habitual. C: Presentación de alimentos en un dispositivo de enriquecimiento 1 hora antes de la dieta habitual.spa
dc.description.researchareaComportamiento y bienestar animalspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 107 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88898
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Humanasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Humanas - Maestría en Psicologíaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.agrovocComportamiento animalspa
dc.subject.agrovocanimal behavioureng
dc.subject.agrovocFactor ambientalspa
dc.subject.agrovocenvironmental factorseng
dc.subject.agrovocPrimatespa
dc.subject.agrovocprimateseng
dc.subject.ddc150 - Psicología::158 - Psicología aplicadaspa
dc.subject.ddc590 - Animales::599 - Mamíferosspa
dc.subject.proposalEnriquecimiento ambientalspa
dc.subject.proposalPrimates neotropicalesspa
dc.subject.proposalRehabilitación de faunaspa
dc.subject.proposalBienestar animalspa
dc.subject.proposalEnvironment enrichmenteng
dc.subject.proposalNeotropical primateseng
dc.subject.proposalAnimal wild rehabilitationeng
dc.subject.proposalAnimal welfareeng
dc.titleEnriquecimiento ambiental y comportamiento de primates en cautiveriospa
dc.title.translatedEnvironmental enrichment and behavior of primates in captivityeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
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dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
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oaire.awardtitleEnriquecimiento ambiental y comportamiento de primates en cautiverio - Convoatoria de investigación Orlando Falls Borda 2024-1spa
oaire.fundernameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa

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