Caracterización molecular de materiales seleccionados de cardamomo -Elettaria cardamomum L. (Matón)- Utilizando Marcadores AFLP

dc.contributor.advisorAfanador Kafuri, Lucia
dc.contributor.authorTamayo Domínguez, Ana Cristina
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorReyes S., Carlos
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorHoyos S., Rodrigo
dc.contributor.orcidTamayo Domínguez, Ana Cristina [0000-0003-0004-732X]spa
dc.contributor.orcidAfanador Kafuri, Lucia [0000-0002-9538-4515]spa
dc.coverage.cityJericó, Antioquia, Colombia
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-28T16:22:02Z
dc.date.available2023-08-28T16:22:02Z
dc.date.issued2003
dc.descriptionilustracionesspa
dc.description.abstractEn los últimos años, el cultivo de cardamomo -Elettaria cardamomum L. (Matón)- ha tomado gran importancia en Colombia, convirtiéndose en una alternativa laboral y económica en zonas rurales; en generador de divisas y potencial de diversificación agrícola en zonas cafeteras, donde las plantaciones de cardamomo se han acogido con gran entusiasmo, por las condiciones climáticas favorables y debido a la crisis en la caficultura nacional. En el municipio de Jericó, el cultivo de cardamomo se ha propagado a través de 17 años, por diferentes métodos vía sexual y asexual, lo cual ha conducido a una gran heterogeneidad morfológica. Los genotipos iniciales utilizados como base para el programa de mejoramiento genético de este cultivo, fueron tomados de otras zonas del departamento de Antioquia y de Costa Rica, y actualmente están representados en materiales mejorados y en materiales comunes, los cuales tienen características deseables e indeseables de acuerdo con los estándares de calidad a nivel internacional e incluso presentan características agronómicas de gran interés. El material vegetal del cultivo ha tenido proceso de selección recurrente y posteriormente selección clonal. En ese proceso, se han realizado introducciones de plantas de otras zonas, selección de materiales, hibridación, conservación de progenie y multiplicación in vitro. Las investigaciones con estos genotipos colombianos toman mucha importancia debido a su alta productividad comparada con otros países y con las cifras promedias nacionales, los materiales mejorados tienen un promedio de producción entre ellos de 5.4 kilos secos/ planta/ año frente a los comunes que producen 1.2 kilos secos/ planta/ año. Con el propósito de evaluar la variabilidad genética entre los genotipos de cardamomo seleccionados se utilizaron marcadores moleculares tipo AFLP. Se analizaron un total de 15 accesiones compuestas por nueve de los materiales mejorados, tres comunes, dos intermedios, y uno silvestre, utilizando para ello 11 combinaciones de primers EcoRI- MseI. Se generaron y analizaron un total de 100 marcadores AFLP informativos. El análisis de agrupamiento se realizó mediante la construcción de matrices de datos utilizando el programa MVSP –Multi Variate Statistical Package- (Kovach, 1999), y el coeficiente de similitud de Jaccard para generar el dendrograma. El método UPGMA - Unweighted Pair Group Method of Aritmetic Means- (Bhat et al, 1995), fue utilizado para el análisis estadístico de los resultados. Las combinaciones EcoRI y MseI que más bandas polimórficas presentaron fueron EACC/MCTC y EACC/MCTA ambas con 12 fragmentos polimórficos. Los genotipos de cardamomo seleccionados en el municipio de Jericó muestran un agrupamiento entre ellos donde se incluyen 7 de los 9 materiales mejorados, con una marcada diferencia contra los materiales intermedios, comunes y el silvestre, separándose incluso del material de Costa Rica. (Textro tomdo de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIn recent years, the planting of cardamom -Elettaria cardamomum L. (Matón)- has become very important in Colombia, developing into a viable form of work and an economic alternative in rural areas. It has begun generating income and potential agricultural diversification in coffee growing regions where cardamom plantations had originally been developed because of the excellent weather conditions and as a result of the national coffee production crisis. In the municipality of Jericó, the cardamom crop has been propagated over the past 17 years by both sexual and asexual methods, which, as a result, has produced a great morphological heterogeneity. The original agricultural genotypes utilized in this program of genetic improvement were acquired from other areas within the Department of Antioquia and from Costa Rica. These materials are currently represented in both the improved and common varieties, which have both desirable and undesirable characteristics dependant on international quality standards. They also present agricultural characteristics of great interest. The vegetable material of the crop has undergone a constant process of selection and a post-cloning selection. Throughout this process, introduction of plant samples from other zones, selection of materials, hybridization, conservation of progeny, and in- vitro multiplication have all taken place. Because of their high rate of productivity compared to those of other countries and also the national average, research with these particular Colombian cardamom genotypes is becoming very important. The improved varieties have an average production of about 5.4 kg dry/plant/year in contrast to the common varieties that produce 1.2 kg dry/plant/year. To evaluate the genetic variability among selected cardamom genotypes, molecular markers (type AFLP) were used. A total of 15 accessions comprised of nine improved varieties, three common ones, two intermediary ones, and one wild one were analyzed, utilizing 11 combinations EcoRI-MseI primers. 100 informative AFLP Markers were generated and analyzed. The grouping analysis was accomplished through the creation of data matrices using the MSVP program -Multi Variate Statistical Package- (Kovach, 1999), and using the Jaccard’s similitude coefficient to generate a dendrogram. The UPGM -Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means- (Bhat et al, 1995) method was used for the statistical analysis of the results. The EcoRI and MseI combinations that presented more polymorphic bands were EACC/MCTA both with 12 each. The selected cardamom genotypes selected from the municipality of Jericó show a strong grouping tendency among them, in which 7 of the 9 improved varieties are included, which indicates a significant difference from the intermediary, common, and wild materials, and even from the Costa Rican material.eng
dc.description.curricularareaÁrea Curricular Biotecnologíaspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Biotecnologíaspa
dc.format.extentxiv, 75 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84604
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedRedColspa
dc.relation.indexedLaReferenciaspa
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dc.relation.referencesVOS P., HOGERS R., BLEEKER M., REIJANS M., VANN DE LEE T., HORNES M., FRIJTERS A., POT J., PELEMAN J., KUIPER M. AND ZABEAU M. 1995. AFLP, a new technique for DAN fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research,. Vol. 23, No.21 4407- 4414. Oxford University Press.spa
dc.relation.referencesWILSON, K.I.; SASI, P.S.; MATHEW, J. 1979. Fusarium capsule disease of cardamom. Current Science (India). V. 48(22) p. 1005.spa
dc.relation.referencesWILSON, K.I.; SASI, P.S.; RAJAGOPALAN, B. 1979. Damping off of cardamom caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Current Science (India). V. 48(8) p. 364.spa
dc.relation.referencesZAPATA, J. L. 2000. C.I. Apex Ltda. Información recopilada de Banco de Guatemala. Registros de producción 1985 – 1997; Estimativos de Sri Lanka. Testimonio de clientes; Estadísticas Incremento Poblacional de la ONU. 1998.spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::633 - Cultivos de campo y de plantaciónspa
dc.subject.lembIndustria del cardamomospa
dc.subject.lembCardamom industryeng
dc.subject.lembCultivo de cardamomospa
dc.subject.proposalCardamomospa
dc.subject.proposalElettaria cardamomumeng
dc.subject.proposalAFLPeng
dc.subject.proposalVariabilidad genéticaspa
dc.subject.proposalCardamomeng
dc.subject.proposalGenetic variabilityeng
dc.titleCaracterización molecular de materiales seleccionados de cardamomo -Elettaria cardamomum L. (Matón)- Utilizando Marcadores AFLPspa
dc.title.translatedMolecular characterization of selected cardamom materials -Elettaria Cardamomum L. (Matón)- Using AFLP Markerseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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