Diversidad de las comunidades microbianas del suelo asociadas a bosque andino y seco tropical bajo temporada seca y lluviosa empleando Metagenómica

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dc.contributor.advisorLópez Álvarez, Diana Carolina
dc.contributor.authorDuque Zapata, Juan Diego
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorMuñoz Florez, Jaime Eduardo
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5496-2502spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Diversidad Biológicaspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-27T20:23:58Z
dc.date.available2025-06-27T20:23:58Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionIlustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLos diferentes servicios ecosistémicos y cambios biológicos que ofrece el suelo como la degradación y aporte de materia orgánica, ciclos biogeoquímicos entre otros, depende en casi un 80% de los microorganismos habitan en el suelo, los cuales están involucrados directamente en estos procesos. Sin embargo, se estima que solo el 1,0% de estos organismos del suelo son cultivables en laboratorio, para mitigar este desconocimiento y gracias a los avances en la biología molecular y la bioinformática ha surgido la metagenómica, una técnica que extrae los ácidos nucleicos de los individuos directamente del suelo permitiendo así la caracterización y el estudio de los microorganismos no cultivables. Con base a esto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la composición y distribución taxonómica, el potencial funcional de las comunidades microbianas de suelos en el Bosque Andino y Bosque Seco Tropical de la cordillera Occidental y Central que circunscriben el valle geográfico del río Cauca, bajo dos temporadas climatológicas: seca y lluviosa. Para esto se realizó la colecta de muestras de suelos de Laguna de Sonso, Parque Natural Regional El Vínculo, Jardín Botánico Juan María Céspedes Mateguadua, Reserva Nacional Forestal Bosque de Yotoco, Reserva Natural El Pailón, Bosque Andino el Duende, Paramo las Domínguez, y Páramo del Duende. Para cada zona fueron colectadas muestras de suelo destinadas a análisis genómico, el cual consistió en un análisis de metataxonómico (metabarcoding) de las regiones del gen ribosomal 16S para bacterias e ITS para hongos. Para el análisis funcional se realizó metagenómica shotgun a 15 muestras empleando la secuenciación Illumina NovaSeq6000. Con los resultados obtenidos no rechazamos la hipótesis de que la diversidad, abundancia y funciones metabólicas de las comunidades microbianas en los suelos de bosque andino y seco tropical son mayores durante la temporada seca en comparación con la lluviosa. La temporada seca favorece una mayor actividad metabólica y diversidad microbiana, lo que sugiere que estas condiciones ambientales podrían promover la estabilidad y especialización de nichos ecológicos dentro de las comunidades microbianas, resaltando la importancia de conocer los patrones estacionales en la dinámica de las comunidades microbianas del suelo para entender cómo estos cambios climáticos influyen en los procesos ecosistémicos y la salud del suelo. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractThe different ecosystem services and biological changes offered by the soil, such as the degradation and contribution of organic matter, and biogeochemical cycles, depend almost 80% on the microorganisms that inhabit the soil, which are directly involved in these processes. However, it is estimated that only 1.0% of these soil organisms are cultivable in the laboratory. To mitigate this lack of knowledge and thanks to advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics, metagenomics has emerged, a technique that extracts nucleic acids from individuals directly from the soil, allowing the characterization and study of uncultivable microorganisms. Based on this, this research aimed to study the taxonomic composition and distribution, the functional potential of the microbial communities of soils in the Andean Forest and Tropical Dry Forest of the Western and Central mountain ranges that circumscribe the geographical valley of the Cauca River, under two climatic seasons: dry and rainy. Soil samples were collected from Laguna de Sonso (Buga) Parque Natural Regional El Vínculo (Buga), Jardín Botánico Juan María Céspedes - Mateguadua (Tuluá), Reserva Nacional Forestal Bosque de Yotoco (Yotoco), Reserva Natural El Pailón (Tenerife), Bosque Andino el Duende (Riofrio), Paramo las Domínguez (Tenerife), y Páramo del Duende (Riofrío). For each area, soil samples were collected for genomic analysis, which consisted of metabarcoding analysis of the 16S ribosomal gene regions for bacteria and ITS for fungi. We performed shotgun metagenomics for the functional analysis on 15 samples using Illumina NovaSeq6000 sequencing. Chemical analyses of the soil were also carried out to analyze the correlation between soil properties and the taxonomic and functional diversity of microorganisms. The results obtained do not reject the hypothesis that the diversity, abundance, and metabolic functions of microbial communities in Andean and tropical dry forest soils are higher during the dry season compared to the rainy season. The dry season favors greater metabolic activity and microbial diversity, suggesting that these environmental conditions could promote the stability and specialization of ecological niches within the microbial communities, highlighting the importance of knowing the seasonal patterns in the dynamics of soil microbial communities to understand how these climate changes influence ecosystem processes and soil health.eng
dc.description.curricularareaCiencias Agropecuarias.Sede Palmiraspa
dc.description.degreelevelDoctoradospa
dc.description.degreenameDoctor en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.description.degreenameDOcspa
dc.description.methodsesta investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la composición y distribución taxonómica, el potencial funcional de las comunidades microbianas de suelos en el Bosque Andino y Bosque Seco Tropical de la cordillera Occidental y Central que circunscriben el valle geográfico del río Cauca, bajo dos temporadas climatológicas: seca y lluviosa. Para esto se realizó la colecta de muestras de suelos de Laguna de Sonso, Parque Natural Regional El Vínculo, Jardín Botánico Juan María Céspedes Mateguadua, Reserva Nacional Forestal Bosque de Yotoco, Reserva Natural El Pailón, Bosque Andino el Duende, Paramo las Domínguez, y Páramo del Duende. Para cada zona fueron colectadas muestras de suelo destinadas a análisis genómico, el cual consistió en un análisis de metataxonómico (metabarcoding) de las regiones del gen ribosomal 16S para bacterias e ITS para hongos. Para el análisis funcional se realizó metagenómica shotgun a 15 muestras empleando la secuenciación Illumina NovaSeq6000.spa
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología of Colombia (Patrimonio Autónomo, Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento para la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación Francisco José de Caldas) through the grant: “Relaciones multiescalares de la biodiversidad en gradientes altitudinales del bosque tropical” (code number: 1106-852-70306; contract 491-2020)spa
dc.format.extentxv, 96 páginas + anexosspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88255
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversdiad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Palmiraspa
dc.publisher.departmentDoctorado en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuariasspa
dc.publisher.placePalmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programPalmira - Ciencias Agropecuarias - Doctorado en Ciencias Agrariasspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.agrovocServicio de los ecosistemas
dc.subject.agrovocEcosystem services
dc.subject.agrovocMicroorganismo del suelo
dc.subject.agrovocSoil microorganisms
dc.subject.agrovocDiversidad microbiana
dc.subject.agrovocMicrobial diversity
dc.subject.agrovocDiversidad genética
dc.subject.agrovocGenetic diversity
dc.subject.agrovocBosque seco
dc.subject.agrovocDry forests
dc.subject.agrovocBosque tropical
dc.subject.agrovocTropical forests
dc.subject.agrovocVariabilidad del clima
dc.subject.agrovocClimate variability
dc.subject.agrovocClima tropical
dc.subject.agrovocTropical climate
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evoluciónspa
dc.subject.proposalCiencias omicasspa
dc.subject.proposalEcología microbianaspa
dc.subject.proposalMicroorganismos no cultivablesspa
dc.subject.proposalPerfiles funcionalesspa
dc.subject.proposalSuelos forestalesspa
dc.subject.proposalForest soilseng
dc.subject.proposalFunctional profileseng
dc.subject.proposalMicrobial ecologyeng
dc.subject.proposalNon-culturable microorganismseng
dc.subject.proposalOmics scienceseng
dc.titleDiversidad de las comunidades microbianas del suelo asociadas a bosque andino y seco tropical bajo temporada seca y lluviosa empleando Metagenómicaspa
dc.title.translatedDiversity of Soil Microbial Communities Associated with Andean and Tropical Dry Forests Under Dry and Rainy Seasons Using Metagenomicseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctoradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06spa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TDspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleRelaciones multiescalares de la biodiversidad en gradientes altitudinales del bosque tropical. Cod 1106-852-70306 Contrato 491-2020spa
oaire.fundernameMinisterio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovaciónspa

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