Efectos del ejercicio dinámico aeróbico e isométrico en el tratamiento de la Hipertensión arterial primaria: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
| dc.contributor.advisor | Garcia, Oscar Armando | |
| dc.contributor.author | Martínez Solarte, Miguel Angel | |
| dc.contributor.googlescholar | Martinez Solarte, Miguel Angel | spa |
| dc.contributor.referee | Hamed Riveros, Nicolas Farid | |
| dc.contributor.referee | Garcia Corredor, Lady Juliet | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-07-26T14:43:05Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-07-26T14:43:05Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.description | ilustraciones, diagramas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | La hipertensión arterial primaria o esencial es uno de los tipos de la enfermedad crónica de presión arterial elevada, referenciada como de origen heterogéneo y poligénico; sobre la cual ejercen efecto diversos factores adquiridos y ambientales. Siguiendo el desarrollo metodológico Cochrane y los requerimientos de la declaración PRISMA, se realizó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis cuantificando los efectos del ejercicio dinámico aeróbico y el ejercicio isométrico sobre la presión arterial en los adultos diagnosticados con hipertensión arterial primaria. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que investigaron el efecto de la intervención con ejercicio isométrico mayor a 3 semanas y dinámico aeróbico mayor a 6 semanas. 9 estudios fueron finalmente agrupados y sintetizados mediante el método estadístico inverso de varianza, con efecto de medida de diferencia media y un modelo de análisis para efectos aleatorios con intervalo de confianza del 95%. 8 semanas de exposición demostraron la reducción significativa de la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) con las dos exposiciones, a diferencia de la presión arterial diastólica (PAD) y la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) donde el efecto del ejercicio isométrico parece no ser sustancial. La relación del tiempo de exposición con el efecto, reveló que la PAS tiende a disminuir con intervenciones prolongadas de entrenamiento aeróbico, mientras la PAD actúa de manera contraria. Reducciones en la presión arterial media (PAM) y presión de pulso (PP) fueron identificadas luego de 10 semanas de entrenamiento isométrico, pero no pudieron ser contrastadas con el aeróbico debido a la baja disponibilidad de datos para agruparlos. Se concluye que las dos intervenciones evidenciaron significancia estadística en la reducción de la presión arterial y que se esperan variaciones mayores inducidas por el ejercicio aeróbico, sin embargo, las características iniciales de los individuos juegan un papel importante en los resultados obtenidos y por ende en la relevancia clínica de las reducciones. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Primary or essential hypertension is one of the types of chronic high blood pressure, referred to as having a heterogeneous and polygenic origin, on which various factors have an effect. Following the Cochrane methodological development and the requirements of the PRISMA statement, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the effects of dynamic aerobic exercise and isometric exercise on blood pressure in adults diagnosed with primary hypertension. Randomized clinical trials investigating the effects of the intervention with isometric exercise lasting more than 3 weeks and aerobic exercise lasting more than 6 weeks were included. Nine studies were finally grouped and synthesized using the inverse variance statistical method, with a random effects analysis model. Eight weeks of exposure demonstrated a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) with both types of exercise, unlike diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) where the effect of isometric exercise appears to be unsubstantial. The relationship between exposure time and effect revealed that SBP tends to decrease with prolonged aerobic training interventions, while DBP acts in the opposite way. Reductions in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) were identified after 10 weeks of isometric training but could not be compared with aerobic exercise due to limited data availability for pooling. It is concluded that both interventions showed statistical significance in reducing blood pressure, and greater variations are expected to be induced by aerobic exercise. However, the initial characteristics of the individuals play an important role in the obtained results and therefore in the clinical relevance of the reductions. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Fisiología | spa |
| dc.description.methods | Revision sistemática con metaanálisis | spa |
| dc.description.researcharea | Fisiología del Ejercicio | spa |
| dc.format.extent | xiv, 64 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84277 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Medicina | spa |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogotá,Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Fisiología | spa |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::612 - Fisiología humana | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::613 - Salud y seguridad personal | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Presión arterial | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Arterial Pressure | eng |
| dc.subject.decs | Monitoreos de presión sanguínea | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Blood Pressure Monitors | eng |
| dc.subject.decs | Enfermedades cardiovasculares | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Cardiovascular Diseases | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | hipertensión arterial | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Riesgo cardiovascular | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Essential hypertension | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Aerobic exercise | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Isometric exercise | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Cardiovascular risk | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Ejercicio aeróbico | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Ejercicio isométrico | spa |
| dc.title | Efectos del ejercicio dinámico aeróbico e isométrico en el tratamiento de la Hipertensión arterial primaria: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Effects of the dynamic aerobic exercise and the isometric exercise training on the Essential Hypertension treatment: systematic review and meta- analysis | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
| dc.type.content | Text | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Estudiantes | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Maestros | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Público general | spa |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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