Diseño de un modelo de evaluación del pensamiento estadístico y probabilístico en niños de básica primaria

dc.contributor.advisorHerrera Rojas, Aura Nidia
dc.contributor.authorEscobar Pérez, Jazmine
dc.contributor.googlescholarhttps://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IjmK0mUAAAAJ&hl=es&oi=ao
dc.contributor.researchgroupMétodos E Instrumentos Para la Investigación en Ciencias del Comportamiento.
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-05T22:35:19Z
dc.date.available2026-03-05T22:35:19Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografías, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractEl objetivo de esta investigación fue generar un modelo de evaluación que permitiera determinar los conocimientos previos que requieren los niños para aprender estadística. La estadística se ha incorporado a la educación primaria a través de los estándares del Ministerio de Educación, dada su relevancia en la sociedad del conocimiento, su vínculo con otras asignaturas y la necesidad de formar ciudadanos críticos. Sin embargo, su enseñanza y evaluación presentan desafíos, especialmente en los procesos evaluativos que permitan identificar los conocimientos previos necesarios. Esta investigación, de diseño empírico mixto, se desarrolló en varias fases. Inicialmente, se identificaron los conocimientos requeridos mediante juicio de expertos utilizando la técnica de conceptual mapping con 10 profesores. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de dos grupos focales. Los conocimientos fueron clasificados por los expertos en categorías conceptuales, lo cual permitió aplicar escalamiento multidimensional y análisis de conglomerados. Esta fase arrojó una lista de conocimientos precurrentes por estándar, con un alto nivel de alineación curricular. A partir de estos resultados, se diseñó un instrumento en formato de videojuego, compuesto por 32 tareas, programado en Unity. El instrumento fue aplicado de forma grupal a 380 estudiantes de primero a quinto grado de colegios públicos y privados, y de forma individual a 20 estudiantes, cuatro por cada grado. Se realizaron estimaciones de confiabilidad, Alfa, Omega, función de información y evidencias de validez, que evidenciaron adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. Para establecer la importancia de cada conocimiento previo se aplicaron árboles de decisión y regresión logística. Como resultado, se obtuvo una organización jerárquica de los conocimientos necesarios para aprender estadística y se formularon lineamientos curriculares que fortalecen su enseñanza y evaluación. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractThe objective of this research was to generate an assessment model that would allow determining the prior knowledge children require to learn statistics. Probability and statistics have been incorporated into primary education through the Ministry of Education's standards, given their relevance in the knowledge society, their connection with other subjects, and the need to develop critical citizens. However, their teaching and assessment present challenges, especially regarding training processes that allow identifying the necessary prior knowledge. This research, with a mixed empirical design, was developed in several phases. Initially, the required knowledge was identified through expert judgment using the conceptual mapping technique with 10 teachers. Data collection was conducted through an in-person and then virtual focus group. The knowledge was classified by experts into conceptual categories, which allowed for the application of multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. This phase yielded an organized list of precurrent knowledge by standard, with a high level of curricular alignment. Based on these results, a video game-like assessment instrument was designed, consisting of 32 tasks, programmed in Unity and compatible with Windows and macOS. The instrument was administered as a group to 380 students from first to fifth grade in public and private schools, and individually to 20 students, four from each grade. Reliability estimates (Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and information function) and validity tests were performed, demonstrating adequate psychometric properties. Decision trees and logistic regression were used to establish the importance of each prior knowledge. The result was a hierarchical organization of the knowledge required for learning statistics, and curricular guidelines were developed to strengthen teaching and assessment.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctora en Psicología
dc.description.researchareaMétodos e instrumentos en ciencias del comportamiento
dc.format.extent217 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89727
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Psicologíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Humanas
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias Humanas - Doctorado en Psicología
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc150 - Psicología
dc.subject.ddc370 - Educación
dc.subject.proposalEvaluación estadísticaspa
dc.subject.proposalEducación primariaspa
dc.subject.proposalConocimientos previosspa
dc.subject.proposalVideojuegosspa
dc.subject.proposalStatistical assessmenteng
dc.subject.proposalPrimary educationeng
dc.subject.proposalPrior knowledgeeng
dc.subject.proposalVideo gameseng
dc.subject.unescoConocimientos aritméticosspa
dc.subject.unescoNumeracyeng
dc.subject.unescoEducación básicaspa
dc.subject.unescoBasic educationeng
dc.subject.unescoVídeojuegospa
dc.subject.unescoVideo gameseng
dc.titleDiseño de un modelo de evaluación del pensamiento estadístico y probabilístico en niños de básica primariaspa
dc.title.translatedDesign of a model for evaluating statistical and probabilistic thinking in primary school childreneng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPrimaria
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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