Análisis de la información evolutiva y de diversidad genómica para un estudio piloto de dispersión de variantes de Delta- y Gammacoronavirus con potencial zoonótico

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dc.contributor.advisorBermudez Santana, Clara Isabelspa
dc.contributor.advisorCuervo Maya, Andrés Mauriciospa
dc.contributor.authorContreras Quesada, Armando Alíspa
dc.contributor.orcidContreras, Armando [0000-0001-7946-8965]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupRnomica Teórica y Computacionalspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-18T22:48:36Z
dc.date.available2025-06-18T22:48:36Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, fotografíasspa
dc.description.abstractLos coronavirus (CoVs) son un grupo diverso de virus de ARN monocatenario de sentido positivo que infectan a una amplia variedad de mamíferos y aves. Si bien se ha documentado ampliamente la transmisión zoonótica de sarbecovirus como SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2, existen evidencias recientes que sugieren el potencial zoonótico de otros linajes como Deltacoronavirus (Delta-CoV) y Gammacoronavirus (Gamma-CoV). Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la evolución, diversificación y dispersión de las características genómicas de variantes de Delta-CoV y Gamma-CoV, con el fin de identificar marcadores moleculares y aportar evidencia sobre su diversidad y posible riesgo para la salud pública, así como la determinación de patrones asociados con la evolución viral y dispersión espacial integrando modelos filogeográficos. El estudio piloto considera dos enfoques para representar la información genómica: como secuencia y como estructura de ARN. Se analizaron 879 genomas completos, los cuales fueron sometidos a un filtrado según la calidad de las secuencias y eliminación de redundancias. Los resultados mostraron una alta diversidad genética y la presencia de presiones selectivas sobre ORF1ab y el gen S, favoreciendo la diversificación y adaptación a nuevos hospedadores. En particular, se observó que los Delta-CoVs circulan de forma natural en aves silvestres acuáticas, mientras que aves terrestres podrían actuar como hospedadores intermedios en su transmisión hacia aves de corral y mamíferos. Por su parte, los Gamma-CoVs presentan eventos de recombinación frecuentes, relacionados con la aparición de nuevas especies virales como el coronavirus de pavo (TCoV), el coronavirus de pato (DuCoV) y el coronavirus de la gallinas de Guinea (GfCoV). Estas dinámicas evolutivas se ven impulsadas por la transformación de hábitats asociada a la actividad humana y la intensificación ganadera. Este estudio destaca la importancia de ampliar la vigilancia genómica, incorporando una mayor diversidad de hospedadores y regiones geográficas. Los hallazgos obtenidos no solo contribuyen a la comprensión de los mecanismos de evolución y dispersión de los Delta-CoVs y Gamma-CoVs, sino que también proponen marcadores moleculares clave que podrían fortalecer los sistemas de vigilancia molecular y servir como base para futuras investigaciones y estrategias en salud pública. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractCoronaviruses (CoVs) are a diverse group of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that infect a wide range of mammals and birds. While zoonotic transmission of sarbecoviruses such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively documented, recent evidence suggests that other lineages, such as Deltacoronavirus (Delta-CoV) and Gammacoronavirus (Gamma-CoV), may also possess zoonotic potential. This study aimed to analyze the evolution, diversification, and geographic spread of genomic features in Delta-CoV and Gamma-CoV variants, with the objective of identifying molecular markers and contributing evidence on their genetic diversity and potential public health risk. Additionally, it sought to determine patterns associated with viral evolution and spatial dispersion by integrating phylogeographic models. This pilot study adopted two complementary approaches to represent genomic information: RNA sequence and RNA secondary structure. A total of 879 complete genomes were analyzed following quality filtering and redundancy removal. The results revealed a high degree of genetic diversity and the presence of selective pressures acting on ORF1ab and the spike (S) gene, promoting diversification and adaptation to new hosts. Notably, Delta-CoVs were found to circulate naturally in wild aquatic birds, while terrestrial birds may act as intermediate hosts facilitating transmission to domestic poultry and mammals. Gamma-CoVs, in turn, exhibited frequent recombination events associated with the emergence of novel viral species such as turkey coronavirus (TCoV), duck coronavirus (DuCoV), and guinea fowl coronavirus (GfCoV). These evolutionary dynamics appear to be driven by habitat transformation resulting from human activities and the intensification of livestock production. This study underscores the importance of expanding genomic surveillance to include a broader diversity of host species and geographic regions. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the evolution and spread of Delta-CoVs and Gamma-CoVs, and propose key molecular markers that could enhance molecular surveillance systems and serve as a foundation for future research and public health strategies.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaGenómica comparativaspa
dc.format.extentviii, 70 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88235
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc570 - Biología::576 - Genética y evoluciónspa
dc.subject.decsDeltacoronavirus/genéticaspa
dc.subject.decsDeltacoronavirus/geneticseng
dc.subject.decsVariación Genéticaspa
dc.subject.decsGenetic Variationeng
dc.subject.decsVigilancia de Zoonosisspa
dc.subject.decsZoonosis Surveillanceeng
dc.subject.proposalDelta- y Gammacoronavirusspa
dc.subject.proposalFilogenómica viralspa
dc.subject.proposalFilogeografía viralspa
dc.subject.proposalGenómica comparativaspa
dc.subject.proposalDelta- and gammacoronaviruseseng
dc.subject.proposalViral phylogenomicseng
dc.subject.proposalViral phylogeographyeng
dc.subject.proposalComparative genomiceng
dc.titleAnálisis de la información evolutiva y de diversidad genómica para un estudio piloto de dispersión de variantes de Delta- y Gammacoronavirus con potencial zoonóticospa
dc.title.translatedAnalysis of evolutionary and genomic diversity information for a pilot study on the dispersal of delta- and gammacoronavirus variants with zoonotic potentialeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentResponsables políticosspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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