Producción de un material de referencia para la detección de Mycobacterium bovis a nivel de ácidos nucleicos, para ser utilizado en métodos de medición basados en PCR

dc.contributor.advisorSoto Ospina, Carlos Yesid
dc.contributor.advisorLeguizamon Guerrero, John Emerson
dc.contributor.authorLota Mendoza, Camila Alejandra
dc.contributor.cvlacLota Mendoza, Camila Alejandra [0001665342]
dc.contributor.orcidLota Mendoza, Camila Alejandra [0009000068908355]
dc.contributor.researchgateCamila-Lota-Mendoza
dc.contributor.researchgroupBioquímica y Biología Molecular de las Micobacterias
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigación en Metrología Química y Bioanálisis - GIMQB (Instituto Nacional de Metrología)
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-09T16:46:30Z
dc.date.available2025-09-09T16:46:30Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-08
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramas, fotografías
dc.description.abstractLa tuberculosis bovina (TBB) es una enfermedad zoonótica, que afecta principalmente al ganado bovino. La TBB es causada por el bacilo ácido-alcohol resistente Mycobacterium bovis, que afecta la producción lechera y cárnica generando grandes pérdidas en el sector ganadero. A pesar de que existen diferentes métodos para identificar y cuantificar M. bovis utilizando ADN, la carencia de materiales de referencia (MR) trazables y certificados no permite la comparabilidad entre los resultados. Con el ánimo de fortalecer el sistema nacional de medidas sanitarias a través de la generación de herramientas metrológicas, el presente trabajo plantea la obtención de un MR para la identificación fiable de ADN de M. bovis mediante métodos basados en la PCR, con especial énfasis en la amplificación isotérmica (LAMP), toda vez que es un método fácil y económico para ser aplicado en campo. Para cumplir este objetivo, se optimizó el cultivo y la extracción de ADN genómico de M. bovis, obteniendo ADN con alta concentración y relaciones de calidad y pureza adecuadas, de acuerdo con su relación ABS 280\260 y ABS 230\260, y mediante análisis electroforético. Por otra parte, en la validación del MR se desarrolló un protocolo de amplificación de ADN de M. bovis mediante qPCR (PCR en tiempo real) y ddPCR (PCR digital en gotas), utilizando como molde los genes CysA3 y Mb3145. La optimización del método demostró que utilizando el gen CysA3 se obtienen mejores valores en las relaciones de precisión (<5% para qPCR y <8% por ddPCR), mayor eficiencia y especificidad en comparación del gen Mb3145. En la caracterización de un piloto de MR, tanto el nivel de mayor concentración (± 50000 copias/µL) como el nivel de menor concentración (500 copias/µL) demostraron ser homogéneos y estables durante 8 semanas. La asignación de valor (asignación de la propiedad) de los niveles fue de 62825 copias/µL y 419 copias/µL para el nivel más alto y bajo, respectivamente. Finalmente, se realizó la puesta a punto de un método basado en PCR LAMP para la detección de ADN de M. bovis, utilizando el MR obtenido y caracterizado, determinó la sensibilidad del método, la que llego hasta 50 copias/µL. Por otra parte, el método pudo diferenciar de manera específica ADN de M. bovis de otras especies micobacterianas. A futuro, se propondrá el MR de ADN de M. bovis obtenido, para la identificación de M. bovis mediante técnicas de PCR. Por otra parte, la identificación de M. bovis por LAMP puede tener un uso potencial para la detección fácil y a bajo costo de la TBB en pequeños y medianos centros de producción ganadera de nuestro país. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractBovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a zoonotic disease that mainly affects cattle. BTB is caused by the acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium bovis, which affects milk and meat production, causing great losses in the livestock sector. Although there are different methods to identify and quantify M. bovis using DNA, the lack of traceable and certified reference materials (RM) does not allow comparability between results. With the aim of strengthening the national system of sanitary measures through the generation of metrological tools, the present work proposes the obtaining of an MR for the reliable identification of M. bovis DNA by PCR-based methods, with special emphasis on the isothermal amplification (LAMP) PCR-LAPMP, since it is an easy and economical method to be applied in the field. To meet this goal, the culture and extraction of genomic DNA from M. bovis was optimized, obtaining DNA with adequate quality and purity, according to its ratio ABS 280\260 and ABS 230\260, and by electrophoretic analysis. On the other hand, in the validation of the RM, a protocol for amplification of M. bovis DNA by qPCR and ddPCR was developed, using the CysA3 and Mb3145 genes as molds. Optimization of the method showed that using the CysA3 gene yielded better values in precision ratios (<5% for qPCR and <8% for ddPCR), higher efficiency and specificity compared to the Mb3145 gene. In the characterization of a pilot RM, both the highest concentration level (± 50000 copies/µL) and the lowest concentration level (500 copies/µL) proved to be homogeneous and stable for 8 weeks. The value assignment (property assignment) of the levels was 62825 copies/µL and 419 copies/µL for the highest and lowest level, respectively. Finally, the fine-tuning of a PCR LAMP-based method for the detection of M. bovis DNA using the obtained and characterized MR determined the sensitivity of the method, which was up to 50 copies/µL. Moreover, the method was able to specifically differentiate M. bovis DNA from other mycobacterial species. In the future, the MR of M. bovis DNA obtained will be proposed for the identification of M. bovis by PCR techniques. On the other hand, the identification of M. bovis by LAMP may have potential use for easy and low-cost detection of BTB in small and medium livestock production centers in our country.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMaestría en Microbiología
dc.description.researchareaHospedero-Patogeno
dc.description.sponsorshipA la Universidad Nacional de Colombia por el apoyo en el financiamiento de la tesis Maestría dentro de la CONVOCATORIA PARA EL APOYO AL DESARROLLO DE TESIS DE POSGRADO (Maestría de Investigación y Doctorado) DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SEDE BOGOTÁ DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA 2024. A MINCIENCIAS por la convocatoria 890 en el financiamiento del proyecto titulado “Fortalecimiento del sistema nacional de medidas sanitarias mediante el desarrollo de herramientas metrológicas basadas en PCR para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis y brucelosis bovina”.
dc.format.extentxxi, 166 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/88673
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Microbiología
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.bneSalud pública veterinariaspa
dc.subject.bneVeterinary public healtheng
dc.subject.decsMycobacterium bovis -- Aislamiento & purificaciónspa
dc.subject.decsTuberculosis bovina -- Diagnósticospa
dc.subject.decsTuberculosis, Bovine -- Diagnosiseng
dc.subject.decsReacción en Cadena de la Polimerasaspa
dc.subject.decsPolymerase Chain Reactioneng
dc.subject.proposalMycobacterium boviseng
dc.subject.proposalTuberculosis bovinaspa
dc.subject.proposalPCR tiempo realspa
dc.subject.proposalPCR digitalspa
dc.subject.proposalPiloto M. bovisspa
dc.subject.proposalPCR LAMPspa
dc.subject.proposalBovine tuberculosiseng
dc.subject.proposalReal-time PCReng
dc.subject.proposalDigital PCReng
dc.subject.proposalM. bovis piloteng
dc.titleProducción de un material de referencia para la detección de Mycobacterium bovis a nivel de ácidos nucleicos, para ser utilizado en métodos de medición basados en PCRspa
dc.title.translatedProduction of reference material for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis at the nucleic acid level, to be used in PCR-based measurement methodseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
oaire.awardtitleFortalecimiento del sistema nacional de medidas sanitarias mediante el desarrollo de herramientas metrológicas basadas en PCR para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis y brucelosis bovina
oaire.fundernameMINCIENCIAS

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