Análisis de la accidentalidad aérea civil colombiana (2009 al 2018) mediante la herramienta “Human Factors Analysis and Classifcation System” – HFACS

dc.contributor.advisorAgudelo Suárez, Omar Joaquínspa
dc.contributor.advisorGarcía Morales, Diego Manuelspa
dc.contributor.advisorGiraldo Alzate, Johanaspa
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Agudelo, Mateospa
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-10T15:35:58Zspa
dc.date.available2021-02-10T15:35:58Zspa
dc.date.issued2020-01-23spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Air accidentality has varied its causality. At present, the human factor is responsible for approximately 70 to 80%. Although mechanical or environmental causes have decreased considerably during the 20th century through the implementation of new technologies, accidents caused by human error have not followed the same rate of reduction. The main tool for the analysis of air accidents is the investigation of these. The fact that Human Factors are the main determinants involved in air accidents makes it necessary to have models for their analysis. The application of the "Human Factors Analysis and Classification System" (HFACS) tool to the study of the Human Factors categories in the military field was crucial to improve the operational air safety of the United States Navy and later in other fields of the world aviation. In Colombia, the national information systems of air accidents are far from the human factors approach, as they do not involve them in the different outcomes of the event. Therefore, the issuance of recommendations to this problem becomes unsuccessful and unpredictable. The impact on the specific recognition of the Human Factor after the application of the HFACS tool to the Colombian civil air accident rate will allow renewing and strengthening the epidemiological panorama of the country's aeronautical safety, to provide the respective recommendations at each level and subcategory of human error; so that they are then considered and intervened by the regulatory entities. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The reports of civil aviation accidents that occurred in Colombia between January 2009 and December 2018 will be collected. Results: A sample of 136 out of 173 eligible cases was obtained. Ninety-two percent corresponded to Colombian aircraft. Agricultural aviation was the most accident-prone. There were a total of 221 fatalities. The accidents occurred in 24% and 21% in the cruise and maneuver phases, most of them resulting in substantial damage or destruction. Loss of control in flight was the most prevalent type of accident category. When applying HFACS to probable cause, skill-based errors accounted for 33.3%, followed by routine violations and decision errors. Of the contributing factors, the most coded levels were Supervisory Failures and Organizational Influences. Discussion: Compared to Colombian studies, the percentage of fatalities in aviation accidents has improved, however, there is still a little more to go concerning worldwide reports. Agricultural aviation is increasing its participation in the accident rate, being higher in the maneuvering phase. Overall, unsafe acts and preconditions for unsafe acts of probable cause account for 86.7% of the accident rate, with skill-based errors being the most prevalent. Low continuity and experience denoted a higher occurrence of these errors.spa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: La accidentalidad aérea ha variado su causalidad. En la actualidad es el Factor Humano el responsable de aproximadamente el 70 al 80%. Si bien las causas mecánicas o medioambientales han disminuido considerablemente durante el siglo XX mediante la implementación de nuevas tecnologías, los accidentes causados por errores humanos no han seguido el mismo ritmo de reducción. La principal herramienta para el análisis de los accidentes aéreos es la investigación de estos. El hecho que los Factores Humanos sean los principalmente implicados en la accidentalidad aérea, hace necesario disponer de modelos para su análisis. La aplicación de la herramienta “Human Factors Analysis and Classification System” (HFACS) al estudio de las categorías del Factor Humano en el ámbito militar, fueron cruciales para mejorar la seguridad aérea operacional de la infantería de Marina de los Estados Unidos y posteriormente en otras esferas de la aviación mundial. En Colombia los sistemas de información Nacional de los accidentes aéreos distan del enfoque de los factores humanos, al no implicarlos en los diferentes desenlaces del evento. Por tanto, la emisión de recomendaciones a esta problemática se vuelve infructuosa y poco previsible. El impacto en el reconocimiento específico del Factor Humano tras la aplicación de la herramienta HFACS a la accidentalidad aérea civil colombiana, permitirá renovar y afianzar el panorama epidemiológico de la seguridad aeronáutica del país, con el propósito de brindar las recomendaciones respectivas en cada nivel y subcategoría del error humano; para que sean luego consideradas e intervenidas por parte de los entes reguladores. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo de corte. Se recopilarán los informes de accidentes de aviación civil ocurridos en Colombia entre enero de 2009 a diciembre de 2018. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 136 de 173 elegibles. El 92% correspondían a aeronaves colombianas. La aviación agrícola fue la más accidentada. Hubo un total de 221 fatalidades. Los accidentes ocurrieron en un 24 y 21% en las fases de crucero y maniobra, resultando en su mayoría con daños sustanciales o destruidas. La pérdida de control en vuelo fue el tipo de categoría de accidente más prevalente. Al aplicar HFACS a la causa probable, los errores basados en las habilidades correspondieron al 33.3%, seguido de las violaciones rutinarias y los errores de decisión. De los factores contribuyentes, los niveles mayormente codificados fueron las Fallas en la supervisión y las Influencias Organizacionales. Discusión: En comparación con estudios colombianos, ha mejorado el porcentaje de fatalidades en los accidentes de aviación, sin embargo, falta un poco más respecto a los reportes mundiales. La aviación agrícola está acrecentando su participación en la accidentalidad, siendo mayor en la fase de maniobra. En total los actos inseguros y las precondiciones para actos inseguros de la causa probable explican el 86.7% de la accidentalidad, siendo los errores basados en las habilidades los más prevalentes. La baja continuidad y experiencia denotaron un mayor cometimiento de estos errores.spa
dc.description.degreelevelEspecialidades Médicasspa
dc.format.extent132spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationGonzález Agudelo, M. (2020). Análisis de la accidentalidad aérea civil colombiana (2009 al 2018) mediante la herramienta “Human Factors Analysis and Classifcation System” – HFACS [Tesis de especialidad, Universidad Nacional de Colombia]. Repositorio Institucional.spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79178
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Medicina Aeroespacialspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc387 - Transporte acuático , aéreo, espacialspa
dc.subject.proposalHuman Factorseng
dc.subject.proposalFactores Humanosspa
dc.subject.proposalAccidentalidad aéreaspa
dc.subject.proposalAir Accidenteng
dc.subject.proposalHFACSspa
dc.subject.proposalHFACSeng
dc.subject.proposalAerospace Medicineeng
dc.subject.proposalMedicina Aeroespacialspa
dc.titleAnálisis de la accidentalidad aérea civil colombiana (2009 al 2018) mediante la herramienta “Human Factors Analysis and Classifcation System” – HFACSspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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