Sarcomas primarios de sistema nervioso central en pacientes pediátricos: características radiológicas y patológicas

dc.contributor.advisorMoreno Gómez, Luz Angelaspa
dc.contributor.authorOjeda Gómez, Juan Sebastián Alonsospa
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-08T16:08:47Z
dc.date.available2022-02-08T16:08:47Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-09
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractLos sarcomas primarios de SNC son una patología rara y existe poca literatura que aborde en detalle sus características imagenológicas. El presente es un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo que pretende realizar una caracterización clínica, imagenológica y patológica de estas neoplasias. Se recolectaron 31 pacientes entre el 2008 y 2021 atendidos en Fundación HOMI. Se revisaron las historias clínicas, y se analizaron muestras de patología y las imágenes diagnósticas (TC, RM). Hubo 19 niños y 12 niñas, entre 1-17 años (promedio 9 años). La gran mayoría presentó cefalea y vómito como primera manifestación clínica. Los tumores fueron predominantemente supratentoriales (96%) y de localización frontal (62%) y parietal (21%). En el 33% de los casos el tumor cruzó la línea media. La mayor proporción de las masas fueron unifocales, con bordes bien definidos y de gran tamaño (4.2-7.7 cm). El índice de actividad se midió con KI67, evidenciando una proliferación elevada (>30%) en el 86% de los casos y zonas de marcado pleomorfismo. En la RM las neoplasias fueron hipointensas en T1 e hiperintensas en T2, presentaron realce con la administración de medio de contraste y restricción a la difusión. Además, se identificaron con frecuencia áreas de hemorragia y necrosis; y en menor medida, quistes y calcificaciones. Tras el seguimiento se observó una mortalidad del 58%, la mayor parte en pacientes que tuvieron recaídas. Se requiere de estudios multicéntricos para establecer resultados estadísticamente significativos con respecto a sobrevida y otros desenlaces. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractPrimary CNS sarcomas are extremely rare, yet very aggressive tumors that are associated with high morbimortality rates. There is scarce literature about their radiologic features. The aim of this retrospective study is to describe the clinical, pathological and imaging features of these neoplasms. For this purpose, 31 patients treated in Fundación HOMI were collected between 2008 and 2021. Their medical records were reviewed, and the pathology samples and images (CT, MRI) were analyzed. There were 19 boys and 12 girls, between 1-17 years (mean age 9 years). The vast majority presented with headaches and vomiting as the first clinical manifestation. The tumors were predominantly supratentorial (96%) and were located in frontal (62%) and parietal (21%) lobes. In 33% of the patients the tumor located crossing the midline. The highest proportion of the masses were unifocal, had well defined borders and large size (4.2-7.7 cm). The proliferation index was measured with KI67, showing a high proliferation rate (KI57>30%) in 86% of the cases. In the MRI, the neoplasms showed T1 hypointensity, T2 hiperintensity, heterogeneous post-contrast enhancement and diffusion restriction. Furthermore, areas of hemorrhage (96%), necrosis (79%) and calcifications (21%) were identified. A global mortality of 58% was observed. Most of the deaths presented in children who had relapses. Multicenter studies are required to establish statistically significant results regarding survival and other outcomes.eng
dc.description.degreelevelEspecialidades Médicasspa
dc.description.degreenameEspecialista en Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticasspa
dc.description.methodsSerie de casosspa
dc.description.notesIncluye anexosspa
dc.description.researchareaNeuroimágenesspa
dc.format.extentxv, 46 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80908
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Imágenes diagnósticasspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticasspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedadesspa
dc.subject.decsEnfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Centralspa
dc.subject.decsCentral Nervous System Diseaseseng
dc.subject.decsRadiologyeng
dc.subject.decsRadiologíaspa
dc.subject.lembSarcomaspa
dc.subject.lembSarcomaeng
dc.subject.proposalSistema nervioso centralspa
dc.subject.proposalSarcomaspa
dc.subject.proposalTumor cerebralspa
dc.subject.proposalImágenes diagnósticasspa
dc.subject.proposalCentral nervous systemeng
dc.subject.proposalSarcomaeng
dc.subject.proposalBrain tumoreng
dc.subject.proposalDiagnostic imagingeng
dc.titleSarcomas primarios de sistema nervioso central en pacientes pediátricos: características radiológicas y patológicasspa
dc.title.translatedPrimary central nervous system sarcomas in children: radiological and pathological featureseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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