Análisis del modelo de coexistencia entre los mineros de La María y la empresa Gramalote Colombia, sus factores críticos y sostenibilidad

dc.contributor.advisorRestrepo Baena, Óscar Jaime
dc.contributor.authorCastaño Grajales, John Edison
dc.contributor.researchgroupIgneaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupInstituto de Minerales Cimexspa
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-17T16:22:38Z
dc.date.available2025-03-17T16:22:38Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractLos acuerdos de coexistencia se plantean como una posible solución al conflicto entre la Minería Artesanal y de Pequeña Escala (MAPE) y la Minería a Gran Escala (MGE) por la explotación de recursos minerales, donde la primera defiende su tradición y medio de vida y la segunda, su derecho a explotar el título minero. La coexistencia también se propone como alternativa para abordar las problemáticas alrededor de la MAPE. Sin embargo, persisten dudas sobre la efectividad, temporalidad y sostenibilidad de las medidas. En los últimos años, la literatura técnica ha empezado a señalar la existencia de factores sociales y técnicos que influyen en el éxito o fracaso de estos procesos. En este contexto, esta investigación estudia el modelo de coexistencia entre la Asociación de mineros La María y la empresa Gramalote Colombia, con el fin de evaluar los factores que lo gobiernan y documentar esta experiencia con un enfoque académico. Para su análisis, se identificaron los factores utilizando tres criterios: revisión literaria, entrevistas a actores clave y criterio de profesionales en MAPE. Se analizaron ocho factores sociales y siete factores técnicos. Adicionalmente, se identificaron dos factores como emergentes. En conjunto, estos factores permiten identificar las motivaciones de los mineros para participar en el proceso y las características del modelo de coexistencia. Indudablemente, los resultados muestran avances significativos en temas ambientales, sociales, técnicos y tributarios, que se han estado consolidando en el tiempo y que contribuyen en diversas dimensiones de la sostenibilidad, a la vez que permiten abordar deficiencias y problemáticas en torno a la MAPE. Sin embargo, persisten interrogantes frente a algunos aspectos, tales como: el desbalance de poder entre actores del sector MAPE, lo que puede incrementar las inequidades. También se observan escasos recursos financieros y de capital para invertir. Asimismo, el tipo de organización y la compraventa de acciones ha cambiado los propietarios y beneficiarios iniciales del proceso de coexistencia. Por último, el procesamiento y beneficio del mineral, un aspecto central en la tradición y cultura de los mineros, resulta crítico para la confianza en el proceso y para el cumplimiento de los acuerdos y reglas de la formalización. (Tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractCoexistence agreements are proposed as a potential solution to the conflict between Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) and Large-Scale Mining (LSM) over the exploitation of mineral resources. ASM defends its tradition and livelihood, while LSM asserts its right to exploit the mining title. Coexistence is also presented as an alternative to address issues surrounding ASM. However, doubts remain about the effectiveness, temporality, and sustainability of these measures. In recent years, technical literature has begun to highlight the existence of social and technical factors that influence the success or failure of these processes. In this context, this research examines the coexistence model between the La María Miners' Association and the Gramalote Colombia company, aiming to evaluate the factors governing it and document this experience with an academic approach. For the analysis, factors were identified using three criteria: literature review, interviews with key stakeholders, and judgment from ASM professionals. Eight social factors and seven technical factors were analyzed. Additionally, two emerging factors were identified. Together, these factors help identify the miners' motivations for participating in the process and the characteristics of the coexistence model. Undoubtedly, the results show significant progress in environmental, social, technical, and tax-related matters, which have been strengthening over time and contributing to various dimensions of sustainability, while also addressing deficiencies and issues related to ASM. However, questions remain about certain issues, such as the power imbalance among actors in the ASM sector, which can exacerbate inequalities. Financial and capital resources for investment are also limited. Furthermore, changes in the ownership structure and the buying and selling of company shares have altered the original owners and beneficiaries of the coexistence process. Finally, the gold processing practice, a central aspect of the miners' tradition and culture, remains critical to building trust in the process and ensuring compliance with formalization agreements and rules.eng
dc.description.curricularareaMedio Ambiente.Sede Medellínspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Medio Ambiente y Desarrollospa
dc.description.researchareaSostenibilidad mineraspa
dc.format.extent113 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/87669
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Minasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Minas - Maestría en Medio Ambiente y Desarrollospa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::622 - Minería y operaciones relacionadasspa
dc.subject.ddc330 - Economía::338 - Producciónspa
dc.subject.lembIndustria minera - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.lembMinas de oro - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.lembMineros del oro - Condiciones sociales - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.lembIntegración industrial
dc.subject.lembExplotación de recursos - Cooperación - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.lembConcesión minera - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.lembAsociaciones de mineros - San Roque (Antioquia, Colombia)
dc.subject.proposalMinería Artesanal y de Pequeña Escalaspa
dc.subject.proposalMinería a Gran Escalaspa
dc.subject.proposalCoexistenciaspa
dc.subject.proposalFormalización Mineraspa
dc.subject.proposalSostenibilidadspa
dc.subject.proposalMinería de orospa
dc.subject.proposalArtisanal and Small-Scale Miningeng
dc.subject.proposalLarge Scale Miningeng
dc.subject.proposalMining Formalizationeng
dc.subject.proposalSustainabilityeng
dc.subject.proposalGold Miningeng
dc.titleAnálisis del modelo de coexistencia entre los mineros de La María y la empresa Gramalote Colombia, sus factores críticos y sostenibilidadspa
dc.title.translatedAnalysis of the coexistence model between La María miners and Gramalote Colombia, its critical factors and sustainabilityeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentGrupos comunitariosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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