Tratamiento con implantes dentales de diferentes dimensiones en maxilares edéntulos en adultos. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

dc.contributor.advisorGaitán Duarte, Hernando Guillermo
dc.contributor.authorHerrera Fajardo, Laura Ximena
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-11T21:20:34Z
dc.date.available2021-10-11T21:20:34Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractAntecedentes El edentulismo o pérdida dental es una condición irreversible que genera una disminución en la cantidad y calidad del reborde alveolar. Los implantes dentales han llegado a ser una opción de tratamiento para reemplazar los dientes perdidos reestableciendo la función y estética. Cuando no existe un adecuado volumen óseo, los implantes cortos o de diámetro estrecho han sido introducidos como una alternativa. Objetivos Evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del uso de implantes dentales con dimensiones reducidas comparados con los implantes dentales con dimensiones convencionales restaurados en adultos con maxilares total o parcialmente edéntulos. Métodos de búsqueda Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica y una búsqueda manual. Los resultados de las búsquedas se gestionaron mediante el software EndNote. Criterios de selección Ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados realizados en adultos con pérdida dental total o parcial, aptos para recibir implantes dentales de diferentes dimensiones en el maxilar superior o inferior. Extracción de datos y análisis Dos autores de forma independiente revisaron los títulos, resúmenes y el texto completo de los estudios para identificar los potencialmente elegibles. Dos autores de forma independiente extrajeron los datos de los estudios incluidos. Los resultados se combinaron usando el modelo de efectos fijos con un riesgo relativo (RR) junto con un intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC 95%) para los desenlaces dicotómicos y el modelo de efectos aleatorios con una diferencia de medias junto con un intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC 95%) para los desenlaces continuos. Principales resultados Se identificaron 11 estudios con un total de 1279 implantes colocados en 682 pacientes. Los resultados indicaron que los implantes dentales de dimensiones reducidas podrían aumentar la falla de los implantes, sin embargo, la evidencia es incierta (RR 2.20, IC 95% 0.97 a 4.97; participantes = 495, estudios = 6, I2 = 0%, calificación de la certeza de la evidencia: baja), complicaciones (RR 1.27, IC 95% 0.45 a 3.53; participantes = 291, estudios = 4, I2 = 0%, calificación de la certeza de la evidencia: muy baja) y cambios óseos radiográficos (diferencia de medias -0.09 mm, IC 95% -0.25 a 0.07; participantes = 574, estudios = 10, I2 = 75%, calificación de la certeza de la evidencia: muy baja). Ningún estudio informo el tiempo de sobrevida de los implantes. Conclusión de los autores Los resultados de esta revisión demuestran que los implantes dentales con dimensiones reducidas podrían aumentar la falla de los implantes (certeza de la evidencia baja) y que podría no haber diferencias entre el uso de implantes dentales de dimensiones reducidas versus los implantes de dimensiones convencionales en términos de complicaciones y cambios óseos radiográficos, no se puede dar ningún tipo de consideración para modificar la practica actual. Es necesario realizar más ensayos clínicos con un adecuado diseño. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractBackground Dental loss is an irreversible condition that generates a decrease in the quantity and quality of the alveolar ridge. Dental implants have become a treatment option to replace missing teeth by re-establishing function and aesthetics. When there is not adequate bone volume, short or narrow diameter implants have been introduced as an alternative. Objectives Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of dental implants with reduced dimensions compared to dental implants with conventional dimensions restored in adults with fully or partially edentulous jaws. Search methods An electronic and manual search were carried out. Search results were managed using EndNote software. Selection criteria Randomized controlled clinical trials performed in adults with total or partial tooth loss, suitable for receiving dental implants of different dimensions in the upper or lower jaw. Data extraction and analysis Two authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and full text of the studies to identify potentially eligible ones. Two authors independently extracted data from included studies. Results were combined using the fixed effect model with a relative risk (RR) together with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for dichotomous outcomes and the random effects model with a mean difference together with an interval 95% confidence (95% CI) for continuous outcomes. Main results Eleven studies were identified with a total of 1279 implants placed in 682 patients. The results indicated that small dental implants could increase implant failure, however, the evidence is uncertain (RR 2.20, 95% CI 0.97 to 4.97; participants = 495, studies = 6, I2 = 0%, quality of evidence: low), complications (RR 1.27, 95% CI 0.45 to 3.53; participants = 291, studies = 4, I2 = 0%, quality of evidence: very low), and radiographic bone changes (mean difference -0.09 mm, 95% CI -0.25 to 0.07; participants = 574, studies = 10, I2 = 75%, quality of evidence: very low). No study reported the survival time of implants. Authors' conclusion The results of this review demonstrate that reduced-size dental implants could increase implant failure (low-certainty of evidence) and that there might be no difference between the use of reduced-size dental implants versus conventional-size implants in terms of complications and radiographic bone changes, no consideration can be given to modify current practice. More clinical trials with an adequate design are necessary.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Epidemiología Clínicaspa
dc.format.extentxii, 146 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80497
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Epidemiología Clínicaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::617 - Cirugía, medicina regional, odontología, oftalmología, otología, audiologíaspa
dc.subject.decsPrótesis Dentalspa
dc.subject.decsDental Prosthesiseng
dc.subject.decsRevieweng
dc.subject.decsRevisiónspa
dc.subject.decsOdontología/métodosspa
dc.subject.decsDentistry/methodseng
dc.subject.proposalImplantes dentalesspa
dc.subject.proposalFallaspa
dc.subject.proposalPérdida ósea alveolarspa
dc.subject.proposalDental implantseng
dc.subject.proposalFailureeng
dc.subject.proposalAlveolar bone losseng
dc.subject.proposalRevisión sistemáticaspa
dc.subject.proposalSystematic revieweng
dc.titleTratamiento con implantes dentales de diferentes dimensiones en maxilares edéntulos en adultos. Una revisión sistemática de la literaturaspa
dc.title.translatedTreatment with dental implants of different dimensions in edentulous jaws in adults. A systematic review of the literatureeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
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