Validación del instrumento The Cancer Loneliness Scale en pacientes colombianos con cáncer
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sánchez Pedraza, Ricardo | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Parra Alfonso, Ana Milena | spa |
| dc.coverage.country | Colombia | spa |
| dc.coverage.tgn | http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000050 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-10-27T20:53:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-10-27T20:53:49Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-10-26 | |
| dc.description | ilustraciones, diagramas | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Introducción: La soledad es considerada como una sensación displacentera, la cual tiene repercusiones negativas sobre el bienestar físico, psicológico y emocional de quienes que la experimentan. Este impacto es particularmente notable en pacientes oncológicos, donde debido a su condición de salud, manifiestan mayor aislamiento social, lo cual se ha vinculado con el deterioro de la salud mental y con menor calidad de vida. The Cancer Loneliness Scale es una herramienta diseñada para medir la soledad no deseada atribuida al cáncer; sin embargo, no han sido evaluadas sus propiedades clinimétricas en pacientes colombianos. Objetivo: Realizar la traducción, adaptación transcultural y validación del instrumento The Cancer Loneliness Scale, para el uso en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer en Colombia. Métodos: Se obtuvo el permiso de los autores para el uso de la escala. La traducción y adaptación transcultural se desarrolló a partir del procedimiento establecido por el grupo de la EORTC en su manual metodológico. Se realizó un estudio de validación de escalas utilizando la teoría clásica y la teoría de respuesta al ítem. Se obtuvieron evidencias de validez mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la validez de criterio concurrente con la Escala de Soledad UCLA, la validez divergente con la Escala FACIT-G y la validez discriminante con el índice de Comorbilidad de Charlson. Para determinar la confiabilidad del instrumento, se realizaron análisis de consistencia interna utilizando los coeficientes Alfa de Cronbach, Omega de McDonald y Greatest Lower Bound (GLB), al igual que análisis de confiabilidad test-retest. Para la validación de la escala mediante la teoría de respuesta al ítem, se empleó el modelo Rasch. Se realizaron análisis para evaluar la unidimensionalidad y la independencia local de los ítems, así como su ajuste al modelo Rasch mediante los índices de Infit y Outfit. Además, se utilizó el mapa de Wright para visualizar la distribución de las habilidades de las personas y las dificultades de los ítems. La confiabilidad se evaluó mediante los índices de separación y confiabilidad tanto para personas como para ítems. Resultados: Se aplicó la escala The Cancer Loneliness Scale a 500 pacientes tratados en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Colombia. El análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) confirmó una estructura unidimensional de la escala, sustentada en una matriz de correlaciones policóricas con coeficientes superiores a 0,43. La adecuación muestral fue respaldada por un índice de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) global de 0,906, clasificado como “maravilloso”, y por la significancia de la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett (χ² = 1472,559; p < 0,001), lo que indicó que los datos eran adecuados para el análisis factorial. Posteriormente, el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), realizado mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, demostró un ajuste aceptable del modelo unidimensional propuesto, con índices de bondad de ajuste satisfactorios: CFI = 0,984, TLI = 0,977 y RMSEA = 0,061 (IC 90%: 0,024–0,095), todos dentro de los rangos considerados como indicativos de buen ajuste. Se observó una correlación positiva mayor a 0,7 con la escala de Soledad UCLA, a diferencia de los dominios de la escala de calidad de vida FACIT_G, con los cuales se observaron correlaciones negativas. Los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach (0,87), omega de McDonald (0,91) y Greatest Lower Bound (GLB) (0,84) confirmaron un alto grado de consistencia. El Coeficiente de Lin (0,91) significativo, demostró la estabilidad de la medición de soledad entre los dos momentos de aplicación de la escala. Los resultados de la validación de la escala mediante la teoría de respuesta al ítem indicaron que la escala mide un único constructo, y cumple con los requisitos de unidimensionalidad e independencia local. Los índices de ajuste de los ítems (Infit y Outfit) se encontraban dentro del rango aceptable de 0,5 a 1,5, sugiriendo un buen ajuste al modelo Rasch, aunque se identificó una posible redundancia entre dos ítems. El Mapa de Wright mostró que la escala es más efectiva para evaluar niveles moderados a altos de soledad, pero menos precisa para niveles muy bajos. La confiabilidad de la escala fue adecuada, con índices de confiabilidad de 0,70 para las personas y 0,98 para los ítems, y buenos índices de separación, lo que sugiere que la escala discrimina bien entre diferentes niveles de soledad. Conclusiones: Desde la perspectiva de la teoría clásica de medición y la teoría de respuesta al ítem, la escala posee buenas propiedades psicométricas, cuando se aplica en pacientes con cáncer en Colombia. (Texto tomado de la fuente). | spa |
| dc.description.abstract | Introduction: Loneliness is considered as a displeasing sensation, which has negative repercussions on the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of the people who experience it; especially in oncology patients, where due to their health condition, people manifest greater social isolation, which has been related to deterioration of mental health and lower quality of life. The Cancer Loneliness Scale is an instrument designed to measure unwanted loneliness attributed to cancer; however, its clinimetric properties have not been evaluated in Colombian patients. Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate The Cancer Loneliness Scale instrument for use in patients diagnosed with cancer in Colombia. Methods: Authorization for the use of the scale was obtained from the authors. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation were developed following the procedure established by the EORTC group in their methodological manual. A validation study was conducted using both Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory. The validity of the scale was confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Additionally, concurrent validity was assessed with the UCLA Loneliness Scale, divergent validity with the FACIT-G Scale, and discriminant validity with the Charlson Comorbidity Index. To determine the reliability of the instrument, internal consistency analyses were performed using Cronbach's Alpha, McDonald's Omega, and GLB coefficients, as well as test-retest reliability analysis. For the validation of the scale using Item Response Theory, the Rasch model was employed. Analyses were conducted to evaluate the unidimensionality and local independence of the items, as well as their fit to the Rasch model using Infit and Outfit indices. Additionally, the Wright Map was used to visualize the distribution of person abilities and item difficulties. Reliability was assessed through separation and reliability indices for both people and items. Results: The Cancer Loneliness Scale was administered to 500 patients treated at the National Cancer Institute in Colombia. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) confirmed a unidimensional structure of the scale, supported by a polychoric correlation matrix with coefficients exceeding 0.43. Sample adequacy was endorsed by a global Kaiser-MeyerOlkin (KMO) index of 0.906, classified as "marvelous," and by the significance of Bartlett’s test of sphericity (χ² = 1472.559; p < 0.001), indicating that the data were suitable for factor analysis. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using structural equation modeling demonstrated an acceptable fit of the proposed unidimensional model, with satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices: CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.977, and RMSEA = 0.061 (90% CI: 0.024–0.095), all within the range indicative of good model fit. A positive correlation above 0.7 was observed with the UCLA Loneliness Scale, while negative correlations were found with the domains of the FACIT-G quality of life scale. Internal consistency was high, as confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha (0.87), McDonald’s omega (0.91), and the Greatest Lower Bound (GLB) coefficient (0.84). Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (0.91), which was statistically significant, demonstrated the stability of loneliness measurement across two time points. Validation using item response theory (IRT) indicated that the scale measures a single latent construct and meets the requirements of unidimensionality and local independence. Item fit indices (Infit and Outfit) were within the acceptable range of 0.5 to 1.5, suggesting good fit to the Rasch model, although a potential redundancy between two items was noted. The Wright Map showed that the scale is more effective at assessing moderate to high levels of loneliness and less precise at lower levels. Scale reliability was adequate, with person reliability at 0.70 and item reliability at 0.98, as well as good separation indices, suggesting that the scale effectively discriminates among different levels of loneliness. Conclusions: A Spanish-adapted and validated version of The Cancer Loneliness Scale is available to measure loneliness in Colombian cancer patients. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Epidemiología Clínica | spa |
| dc.description.methods | Estudio de validación de escalas | spa |
| dc.description.researcharea | Aspectos psicosociales del cáncer | spa |
| dc.format.extent | xi, 130 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89068 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Medicina | spa |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Epidemiología Clínica | spa |
| dc.relation.indexed | Bireme | spa |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.license | Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional | |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.ddc | 150 - Psicología::158 - Psicología aplicada | spa |
| dc.subject.ddc | 610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Calidad de Vida | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Quality of Life | eng |
| dc.subject.decs | Estudios Transversales | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Cross-Sectional Studies | eng |
| dc.subject.decs | Análisis Factorial | spa |
| dc.subject.decs | Factor Analysis, Statistical | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Encuestas y cuestionarios | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Soledad | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Validez y confiabilidad | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Neoplasias | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Traducción | spa |
| dc.subject.proposal | Loneliness | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Surveys and questionnaires | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Reproducibility of results | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Neoplasms | eng |
| dc.subject.proposal | Translations | eng |
| dc.title | Validación del instrumento The Cancer Loneliness Scale en pacientes colombianos con cáncer | spa |
| dc.title.translated | Validation of The Cancer Loneliness Scale in Colombian cancer patients | eng |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
| dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Público general | spa |
| oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| oaire.fundername | Instituto Nacional de Cancerología |
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