Clasificación etiológica automatizada de edema macular mediante estrategia de ‘Deep Learning’ aplicada en imágenes adquiridas por OCT de mácula

dc.contributor.advisorQuijano Nieto, Bernardo alfonsospa
dc.contributor.authorPadilla Pantoja, Fabio Danielspa
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorPerdomo Charry, Oscar Juliánspa
dc.contributor.educationalvalidatorGonzález Osorio, Fabio Augustospa
dc.contributor.researchgroupGrupo de Investigacion en Oftalmología Básica y Clínicaspa
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-31T19:08:41Z
dc.date.available2022-01-31T19:08:41Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-30
dc.descriptionilustraciones, gráficas, tablasspa
dc.description.abstractObjetivo: Desarrollar un método computacional basado en la estrategia de aprendizaje profundo (‘Deep Learning’, DL) para realizar un diagnóstico etiológico automatizado de edema macular (EM) a partir la evaluación de imágenes adquiridas por tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT), clasificándolas entre edema macular diabético (EMD), degeneración macular exudativa (DMRE(e)) y EM secundario a oclusiones vasculares (EM 2a OVR). Diseño: Desarrollo de algoritmo de inteligencia artificial (IA) para la clasificación automatizada de enfermedades retinianas utilizando datos retrospectivos. Participantes: Se incluyeron 1343 imágenes de OCT de mácula, obtenidas de la base de datos de pacientes atendidos en una Clínica de Oftalmología y de bases de datos de libre acceso, que se utilizaron para entrenar y probar un modelo de inteligencia artificial para detectar EM y su diagnóstico etiológico. Métodos: Las imágenes de OCT fueron marcadas y segmentadas manualmente por dos oftalmólogos expertos, etiquetando biomarcadores (BMs) y clasificándolas en función de la enfermedad correspondiente (EMD, DMRE(e), EM 2a OVR) o como imágenes normales. Se entrenó y validó un modelo de inteligencia artificial usando el 80% de las imágenes y se probó con el 20% de las imágenes restantes. Nuestro método se desarrolló siguiendo cuatro fases consecutivas: segmentación e identificación de BMs, combinación de BMs y predicción de las máscaras, extracción de características mediante aplicación de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNNs) para la clasificación binaria para cada enfermedad y, finalmente, método de clasificación multiclase de las tres enfermedades. Principales medidas de resultados: Exactitud, área bajo la curva (AUC), sensibilidad y especificidad. Resultados: La exactitud diagnóstica lograda por el modelo para clasificar DMRE(e) fue 0.965, y para EMD, EM 2a OVR y controles, los valores fueron 0.94, 0.93 y 0.925, respectivamente. Los valores de área bajo la curva para EMD, DMRE(e), EM 2a OVR e imágenes controles fueron 0.99, 0.98, 0.96 y 0.97, respectivamente. Los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad para la clasificación de las tres enfermedades exudativas retinianas y para imágenes normales fueron comparables con el desempeño de un oftalmólogo experto, de acuerdo con lo reportado en la literatura. Conclusión: El modelo automatizado propuesto con enfoque de DL puede identificar imágenes normales y con edema macular a partir de escaneos adquiridos por OCT de mácula, y permite clasificar su causa entre las tres principales enfermedades exudativas retinianas con alta precisión y confiabilidad. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractPurpose: To develop a computational method based on Deep Learning (DL) to automatically make an etiological diagnosis of macular edema (ME) from the evaluation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans, by classifying the images between diabetic macular edema (DME) and ME caused by neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Design: Algorithm development for retinal disease classification using retrospective data. Participants: A total of 1343 OCT scans, obtained from data repositories of patients attended in an Ophthalmology Clinic and open-access databases, were used to train and test an artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect ME and its etiological diagnosis. Methods: The OCT scans were manually annotated with biomarkers (BMs) and labeled with disease (DME, nAMD, RVO) or control, by two expert ophthalmologists. A DL model was trained and validated using 80% of the images and tested on the remaining 20% of them. Our method was developed by following four consecutive phases: segmentation and identification of BMs, combination of BMs and mask predictions, feature extraction with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to achieve binary classification for each disease and, finally, multiclass classification of three diseases and control images. Main Outcome Measures: Accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Results: The classification accuracy of the model for nAMD was 0.97, and for DME, RVO associated with ME and control, the values were 0.94, 0.93 and 0.93, respectively. AUC values were 0.99, 0.98, 0.96 and 0.97 respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were comparable with the performance of an expert ophthalmologist, according to the literature. Conclusion: The proposed DL model may identify normal images and ME from OCT scans and classify its cause between three major exudative retinal diseases with high accuracy and reliability.eng
dc.description.degreelevelEspecialidades Médicasspa
dc.description.degreenameEspecialista en Oftalmologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaInteligencia artificial en oftalmologíaspa
dc.format.extentxiii, 50 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80817
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.departmentDepartamento de Cirugíaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Oftalmologíaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::617 - Cirugía, medicina regional, odontología, oftalmología, otología, audiologíaspa
dc.subject.decsMacular Edemaeng
dc.subject.decsEdema Macularspa
dc.subject.decsArtificial Intelligenceeng
dc.subject.decsInteligencia Artificialspa
dc.subject.decsTomografía Ópticaspa
dc.subject.decsTomography, Opticaleng
dc.subject.proposalMachine Learningeng
dc.subject.proposalArtificial intelligenceeng
dc.subject.proposalMacular edemaeng
dc.subject.proposalOptical coherence tomographyeng
dc.subject.proposalInteligencia artificialspa
dc.subject.proposalEdema macularspa
dc.subject.proposalTomografía de coherencia ópticaspa
dc.titleClasificación etiológica automatizada de edema macular mediante estrategia de ‘Deep Learning’ aplicada en imágenes adquiridas por OCT de máculaspa
dc.title.translatedEtiologic classification of macular edema using a Deep Learning approach in OCT scanseng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
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dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
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dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
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