Biorrefinería hidrotermal para la obtención de productos químicos plataforma, a partir de residuos agroindustriales de café: escala laboratorio

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dc.contributor.advisorGuerrero Fajardo, Carlos Alberto
dc.contributor.authorLozano Pérez, Alejandra Sophia
dc.contributor.cvlacLOZANO PÉREZ, ALEJANDRA SOPHIA [0001922132]spa
dc.contributor.orcidLozano Pérez, Alejandra Sophia [0000000244691312]spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupAprovechamiento Energético de Recursos Naturalesspa
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-19T15:12:11Z
dc.date.available2024-03-19T15:12:11Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionilustraciones, fotografías, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractColombia es el principal productor mundial de café arábica lavado suave y produce 12,6 millones de sacos de café verde, pero al mismo tiempo se vierten en campo abierto 784 000 toneladas de biomasa residual, de las cuales sólo el 5% se valoriza o utiliza. El objetivo de este proyecto fue evaluar la obtención de productos químicos plataforma a partir de dichos residuos de café. Para lograr esto, se realizó la caracterización de la biomasa implementando el análisis próximo, análisis último y análisis estructural. Se hizo la valorización hidrotermal en rangos de temperatura de 120-180 ºC (LHW) y 180-260 ºC (HTC) a una hora, cuantificando los productos químicos plataforma obtenidos por HPLC-IR, haciendo su seguimiento por pH, conductividad, y caracterizando la fracción sólida por seguimientos en espectroscopía IR y análisis elemental. Se obtuvieron procesos de hidrólisis a partir de 150 ºC, producción de químicos plataforma a partir de 180 ºC y degradación a partir de 240 ºC. De la misma manera se analizó y describió la cinética de la hidrólisis de las estructuras lignocelulósicas a azúcares a 180 ºC (LHW) y 200 ºC (HTC), se obtuvieron órdenes de reacción de 1 y 3 respectivamente, aspecto que fue corroborado por HPLC-MS. Se evaluó la incidencia de catalizadores homogéneos ácidos y básicos en el proceso y la eficiencia y selectividad de estos, deduciendo una alta selectividad con CH3COOH, una alta eficiencia con H2SO4, y el uso de catalizadores básicos para la obtención de ácido fórmico y biochar. Finalmente, se evaluó el rendimiento de azúcares, ácido fórmico, ácido levulínico, HMF y furfural para finalmente reportar las condiciones óptimas para la obtención de estos a partir de residuos de cerezas de café. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractColombia is the world's leading producer of mild washed Arabica coffee and produces 12.6 million bags of green coffee, but at the same time 784,000 tons of residual biomass are dumped in open fields, of which only 5% is valorized or used. The objective of this project was to evaluate the production of platform chemicals from said coffee wastes. To achieve this, biomass characterization was carried out using proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and structural analysis. Hydrothermal valorization was carried out in temperature ranges of 120-180 ºC (LHW) and 180-260 ºC (HTC) at one hour, quantifying the platform chemicals obtained by HPLC-IR, monitoring them by pH, conductivity, and characterizing the solid fraction by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Hydrolysis processes were obtained from 150 ºC onwards, production of platform chemicals from 180 ºC onwards and degradation from 240 ºC onwards. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic structures to sugars at 180 ºC (LHW) and 200 ºC (HTC) were also analyzed and described. Reaction orders of 1 and 3, respectively, were obtained, which was corroborated by HPLC-MS. The incidence of acid and basic homogeneous catalysts in the process and their efficiency and selectivity were evaluated, deducing a high selectivity with CH3COOH, a high efficiency with H2SO4, and the use of basic catalysts to obtain formic acid and biochar. Finally, the yield of sugars, formic acid, levulinic acid, HMF and furfural was evaluated to finally report the optimal conditions for obtaining them from coffee cherry waste.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMaster en Ciencias - Químicaspa
dc.description.researchareaEnergía y biocombustiblesspa
dc.description.sponsorshipFONDO NACIONAL DE FINANCIAMIENTO PARA LA CIENCIA, LA TECNOLOGÍA Y LA INNOVACIÓN FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDASspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 133 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85816
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Químicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc540 - Química y ciencias afines::546 - Química inorgánicaspa
dc.subject.lembProductos Quimicosspa
dc.subject.lembChemicalseng
dc.subject.lembProductos quimicos de la biomasaspa
dc.subject.lembBiomass chemicalseng
dc.subject.lembResiduos del cafespa
dc.subject.lembCoffee wasteeng
dc.subject.proposalValorización hidrotermalspa
dc.subject.proposalResiduos de caféspa
dc.subject.proposalHTCspa
dc.subject.proposalLHWspa
dc.subject.proposalProductos Químicos plataformaspa
dc.subject.proposalCatalizadoresspa
dc.subject.proposalBiomasseng
dc.subject.proposalHydrotermal valorizationeng
dc.subject.proposalCoffee Wasteeng
dc.subject.proposalHydrotermal carbonizationeng
dc.subject.proposalLiquid Hot Watereng
dc.subject.proposalCinéticaspa
dc.subject.proposalKineticseng
dc.titleBiorrefinería hidrotermal para la obtención de productos químicos plataforma, a partir de residuos agroindustriales de café: escala laboratoriospa
dc.title.translatedHydrothermal biorefinery for the production of platform chemicals from agro-industrial coffee waste: laboratory scaleeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestrosspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMedios de comunicaciónspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleImplementación de una biorrefinería hidrotermal para la producción de productos químicos de alto valor agregado, mediante el uso de biomasas residuales de procesos agroindustriales, en alianza intersectorial (academia-industria) - Código 1101-914-91642.spa
oaire.fundernameMINCIENCIASspa

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