Elaboración de néctar reducido en azúcar a base de especies vegetales tropicales
dc.contributor.advisor | Hernández Gómez, María Soledad | |
dc.contributor.author | Munar Torres, Roxana | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-10-05T22:44:07Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-10-05T22:44:07Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.description | ilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablas | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Se desarrolló una bebida tipo néctar sin azúcares añadidos a partir de especies vegetales tropicales de comercialización regular en el mercado nacional. Para dar inicio al trabajo se construyó una línea de base de las bebidas suaves comercializadas en la ciudad para determinar el contenido de azúcar añadido, sodio y presencia de edulcorantes en los productos de esta categoría. Posteriormente, se elaboraron tres néctares de mezclas vegetales con propiedades nutricionales y sensoriales atractivas. La selección de la mejor, se hizo mediante una prueba de consumidores. Las calificaciones sensoriales (puntaje hedónico de 60 consumidores) se analizaron por medio de una prueba de ranking, encontrando que la mezcla óptima para la bebida está constituida por yacón, gulupa, mango y un porcentaje de inclusión de estevia del 1%. Se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos del néctar elegido, encontrando una acidez titulable de 0,59%, pH de 3,3 y 6 grados Brix. La bebida presentó una composición promedio de 93,5% humedad, 1,1% de proteína, 5,2% de carbohidratos y 0,2% de fibra dietaria. El contenido total de carotenoides del néctar se determinó mediante una extracción con solventes polares y apolares, para su posterior medición espectrofotométrica a 450mn, como resultado se obtuvo un contenido de carotenoides de 10,62 µg/g. La actividad antioxidante del néctar pasteurizado expresado como µM Trolox / 100g de peso húmedo fueron de 101 ± 3,3, 196 ± 33 y 124 ± 29 según lo determinado por los ensayos DPPH, ABTS y FRAP respectivamente. Por otra parte, se evaluó la estabilidad del néctar pasteurizado almacenado a 4°C ± 2°C durante 5 semanas midiendo los parámetros fisicoquímicos de pH, acidez, sólidos solubles y color en la etapa de postproducción, encontrando que no se presentaron cambios significativos entre el día de fabricación y el día 35 de almacenamiento. Finalmente, se realizaron los análisis microbiológicos de mohos y levaduras, mesófilos aerobios y Escherichia coli donde se verificó que el néctar cumple con los parámetros establecidos para la comercialización de néctares de fruta de acuerdo a la legislación nacional vigente. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | spa |
dc.description.abstract | A mixed fruit and vegetable beverage without added sugars was developed from national tropical vegetables. Firstly, a baseline study of the supply of soft beverages traded in Bogotá city was drawn up to establish the content of added sugar, sodium and sweeteners presence in these products. Afterwards, three mixed-vegetable beverages with attractive nutritional and sensorial properties were evaluated through sensory analysis (9-point hedonic scale) by 60 consumers in order to choose one. Sensory data from consumers was analyzed ranking test, finding the yacón, gulupa and mango with 1% of stevia to be the best one. The final selected drink had an acidity of 0,59%, pH of 3,3 and 6 Brix. Furthermore, the proximal composition was determined on the selected beverage, the resulted were humidity 93,5%, protein 1,1%, carbohydrates 5,2% and dietary fiber 0,2. Total carotenoid content of the beverage was 10,62 µg/g. Pasteurized nectar antioxidant capacity were 101 ± 3,3, 196 ± 33 y 124 ± 29 determined by DPPH, ABTS y FRAP assays, respectively. Afterward, drinks stability was evaluated over time through physicochemical analysis: pH, acidity, color and Brix. The results show no significant changes between fabrication day and five weeks of shelf life under refrigeration conditions. Finally, microbiological analyzes show that the nectar complies with the parameters established by the current national legislation. | eng |
dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
dc.description.degreename | Magíster en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos | spa |
dc.description.methods | Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional descriptivo transversal en el que se analizaron bebidas industrializadas disponibles para la venta a todo público en cadenas de supermercados en Bogotá. | spa |
dc.format.extent | 84 páginas | spa |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | spa |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80396 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.branch | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | spa |
dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (ICTA) | spa |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias | spa |
dc.publisher.place | Bogotá, Colombia | spa |
dc.publisher.program | Bogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos | spa |
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dc.rights | Derechos reservados al autor | spa |
dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
dc.rights.license | Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | spa |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ | spa |
dc.subject.agrovoc | Jugo de frutas | spa |
dc.subject.agrovoc | fruit juices | eng |
dc.subject.agrovoc | Alimentos bajos calorías | spa |
dc.subject.agrovoc | low calorie foods | eng |
dc.subject.ddc | 660 - Ingeniería química::664 - Tecnología de alimentos | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Néctar | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Antioxidantes | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Análisis sensorial | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Vegetales tropicales | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Bebidas | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Sensory analysis | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Nectar | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Tropical vegetable | eng |
dc.title | Elaboración de néctar reducido en azúcar a base de especies vegetales tropicales | spa |
dc.title.translated | Nectar reduced in sugar based on tropical vegetable species | eng |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | spa |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa | spa |
dc.type.content | Text | spa |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | spa |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Investigadores | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Maestros | spa |
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopment | Público general | spa |
oaire.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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