Análisis molecular, distribución e identificación de hongos fitopatógenos asociados a Passiflora foetida L. en Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorMorales Osorio, Juan Gonzalo
dc.contributor.advisorSalazar Yepes, Mauricio Alberto
dc.contributor.authorBetancur García, Paola
dc.contributor.orcid0009-0008-4818-1847spa
dc.contributor.researchgroupFitotecnia Tropicalspa
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-30T16:24:12Z
dc.date.available2024-01-30T16:24:12Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionIlustraciones a color, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractPassiflora foetida es una especie originaria del centro y sur de América, la cual se extendió hacia la costa de África oriental y las Islas del océano Pacífico, Australia, Indonesia, Malasia e India. Esta planta se ha declarado como especie invasora en Australia al carecer de organismos que controlen su población. Actualmente, para el control de P. foetida se realiza extracción manual y la aplicación de herbicidas. El control biológico clásico como alternativa de manejo está relacionado con la búsqueda de enemigos naturales en el lugar de origen de la especie y la liberación inicial en el lugar donde fue introducida. Como primer paso para la búsqueda de posibles agentes de control biológico de P. foetida se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes herbarios de Colombia y publicaciones en la web de registros de esta especie en el país, lo cual permitió colectar muestras en seis departamentos de Colombia. En cada punto de muestreo se seleccionó y almacenó material sano para la identificación y caracterización molecular de P. foetida, y además se tomaron muestras de diferentes tejidos de la planta que presentaban algún síntoma asociado con hongos. Para verificar la identidad y cercanía filogenética de P. foetida con otras especies pertenecientes a la misma familia botánica y de otras regiones del mundo, se realizaron amplificaciones de ADN mediante reacciones en cadena de la polimerasa PCR, para la región genómica del espaciador transcrito interno (ITS) y el gen de la glutamina sintetasa expresada en el cloroplasto (ncpGS). Los productos de PCR fueron purificados y secuenciados para luego crear árboles filogenéticos utilizando el método de máxima verosimilitud. Además del análisis molecular, se realizó la caracterización bioclimática de las zonas de crecimiento de P. foetida en Colombia y Australia, mediante la implementación de un modelo de distribución de especies (SDM) con el fin de estimar la probabilidad de ocurrencia de esta especie para Colombia. Para la identificación y aislamiento de hongos en Colombia con potencial para control biológico de P. foetida en Australia, se colectaron muestras en seis departamentos de Colombia, y posteriormente se confirmaron los postulados de Koch en hoja desprendida. La identificación de los hongos causales de enfermedad se basó en caracteres morfométricos de estructuras reproductivas del hongo, características de las colonias en medio de cultivo V8-PDA, 1/10 PDA, agar agua + CaCO3, caldo de acículas de pino, PDA comercial y PDA + Acículas puestas en la superficie del medio, además en pruebas moleculares. Para realizar los análisis filogenéticos de los aislamientos patogénicos sobre P. foetida, se secuenciaron las regiones genómicas del ITS, el factor de elongación de la traducción 1-alfa (TEF1α) y la beta tubulina (β-Tub2). Posterior a la identificación se seleccionaron los hongos con potencial para control biológico y se realizaron pruebas preliminares de especificidad en hoja desprendida de Passiflora edulis, P. edulis Sims, P. quadrangularis y P. ligularis. El análisis bioclimático mostró una alta variabilidad de las condiciones en sitios reportados para P. foetida, teniendo un rango más amplio de crecimiento en Australia (lugar introducido) en cuanto a precipitación y temperatura comparado con Colombia (país con distribución nativa). El SDM mostró una mayor probabilidad de ocurrencia en las regiones Andina, Caribe y Pacífica. En cuanto al análisis filogenético, P. foetida diverge genéticamente de otras especies de Passiflora de importancia económica como P. edulis, P. ligularis, P. quadrangularis, y P. edulis Sims, pero se encuentra estrechamente relacionada con otras accesiones de P. foetida registradas para países como India y China, que no constituyen zonas de origen. De los 125 aislamientos de hongos obtenidos, 21 afectaron más del 50% de las hojas inoculadas de P. foetida. Estos aislamientos corresponden a Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium oxysporum, Cladosporium tenuissimum, Colletotrichum sp., Corynespora cassiicola, Curvularia sp., Diaporthe sp., Epicoccum sorghinum, Fusarium spp., Lasiodiplodia sp., Neopestalotiopsis sp., y Phialemoniopsis curvata, los cuales se identificaron como posibles agentes de control biológico de P. foetida en Australia (texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractPassiflora foetida is a specie native to Central and South America, which was introduced the coast of East Africa and the Pacific Ocean Islands, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia and India. This plant has been declared an invasive species in Australia due to the lack of organisms that control its population. Currently, for the control of P. foetida, manual extractions and application of herbicides are carried out. Classic biological control as a management alternative is related to the search for natural enemies in the place of origin of the species and the initial release in the place where it was imported. As a first step in the biological search for possible agents for the control of P. foetida, a search was carried out in different herbaria in Colombia and web publications of records of this species in the country, which was obtained by collecting samples in six departments of Colombia. At each sampling point, healthy material was selected and stored for the identification and molecular characterization of P. foetida, and samples of different plant tissues that presented some symptom associated with fungi were also taken. To verify the identity and phylogenetic closeness of P. foetida with other species belonging to the same botanical family and from other regions of the world, DNA amplifications were performed using PCR polymerase chain reactions for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genomic region. and the gene for chloroplast-expressed glutamine synthetase (ncpGS). The PCR products were purified and sequenced to create phylogenetic trees using the maximum likelihood method. In addition to the molecular analysis, the bioclimatic characterization of the P. foetida growth zones in Colombia and Australia was carried out, through the implementation of a species distribution model (SDM) in order to estimate the probability of occurrence of this species for Colombia. For the identification and isolation of fungi in Colombia with biological control potential of P. foetida in Australia, samples were collected in six departments of Colombia, and later Koch's postulates were confirmed in detached leaf. The identification of the fungi causing the disease was based on morphometric characters of the reproductive structures of the fungus, characteristics of the colonies in culture medium V8-PDA, PDA 1/10, water agar + CaCO3, pine needle broth, commercial PDA and PDA + Needles placed on the surface of the medium, in addition to molecular tests. To perform the phylogenetic analyzes of the pathogenic isolates on P. foetida, the genomic regions of ITS, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1α) and beta tubulin (β-Tub2) were sequenced. After identification, fungi with biological control potential were selected and preliminary specificity tests were performed on detached leaves of Passiflora edulis, P. edulis Sims, P. quadrangularis and P. ligularis. The bioclimatic analysis showed a high climatic variation in the reported sites for P. foetida, having a greater growth range in Australia (place of introduction) in terms of precipitation and temperature compared to Colombia (country of native distribution). The SDM showed a higher probability of occurrences in the Andean, Caribbean and Pacific regions. With regard to phylogenetic analysis, P. foetida diverges genetically from other economically important Passiflora species such as P. edulis, P. ligularis, P. quadrangularis and P. edulis Sims, but is related to other P. foetida accessions registered for countries such as India and China, which are not areas of origin. Of the 125 fungal isolates obtained, 21 affected more than 50% of the inoculated leaves of P. foetida. These isolates correspond to Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium oxysporum, Cladosporium tenuissimum, Colletotrichum sp., Corynespora cassiicola, Curvularia sp., Diaporthe sp., Epicoccum sorghinum, Fusarium spp., Lasiodiplodia sp., Neopestalotiopsis sp. and Phialemoniopsis curvata, which are identified as potential biological control agents for P. foetida in Australiaeng
dc.description.curricularareaÁrea Curricular en Producción Agraria Sosteniblespa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.description.researchareaSanidad Vegetalspa
dc.format.extent100 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85523
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellínspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.publisher.placeMedellín, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMedellín - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrariasspa
dc.relation.indexedLaReferenciaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::632 - Lesiones, enfermedades, plagas vegetalesspa
dc.subject.lembPlantas invasivas
dc.subject.lembControl biológico de hongos
dc.subject.proposalPassiflora foetidaspa
dc.subject.proposalFitopatógenospa
dc.subject.proposalControl biológicospa
dc.subject.proposalPhytopathogeneng
dc.subject.proposalBiological controleng
dc.subject.wikidataPassiflora foetida
dc.titleAnálisis molecular, distribución e identificación de hongos fitopatógenos asociados a Passiflora foetida L. en Colombiaspa
dc.title.translatedMolecular analysis, distribution and identification of phytopathogenic fungi associated with Passiflora foetida L. in Colombiaeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.awardtitleControl biológico de Conyza bonariensis y Passiflora foetida con hongos fitopatógenos en Colombiaspa
oaire.fundernameCSIROspa

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