Caracterización y evaluación morfoagronómica de la colección de tomate tipo Cherry de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira

Abstract

Se realizó la caracterización y evaluación morfoagronómica de 36 introducciones de la colección de trabajo de tomate tipo cherry de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira, correspondientes a la especie Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme. La siembra se realizó en el Centro Experimental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira CEUNP, bajo un diseño de lattice 6x6 con tres repeticiones. Para realizar la caracterización morfoagronómica se evaluaron 10 descriptores cuantitativos y 22 descriptores cualitativos. Se realizó análisis de varianza, prueba de diferencias medias por DMS, Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple, Análisis de Componentes Principales y análisis de clasificación conjunto agrupando los descriptores cuantitativos y cualitativos, utilizando el paquete Statistical Analysis System SAS versión 9.0 (2009). Se observaron diferencias significativas entre las introducciones para los descriptores evaluados.

//Abstract: During semester B of 2010, morphoagronomic characterization and evaluation was realized in 36 introductions of cherry tomato which belong to the plant collection from Universidad Nacional de Colombia at Palmira, corresponding to the species Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme. Planting was done in the Experimental Center CEUNP under a 6x6 lattice design with three replications. 10 and 22 quantitative and qualitative descriptors respectively, were used for morphoagronomic characterization. Variance analysis, mean differences by DMS, Multiple Correspondence Analysis, Principal Component Analysis and classification analysis grouped together quantitative and qualitative descriptors, using the Statistical Analysis System package SAS version 9.0 (2009). Significant differences were observed among introductions for the evaluated descriptors. Classification analysis set of qualitative and quantitative descriptors allowed to form 6 groups. Group 1, was formed taking into account introductions with rounded fruit shape, pericarp low thickness and low brix content, Group 2, was grouped by best yield performance, a fruit flattened shape, thick pericarp, red pericarp and fruit hardness. Group 3 was characterized for cracking of the fruit at ripening time, not uniform maturation, greenback color of the fruit at ripening time and vitamin intermediate content of Vitamin C; Group 4 greenback color of the fruits, also with stains, corky lines, more than 6 flowers per inflorescence. However, the higher Vitamin C content and brix level. Group 5, was composed of introductions with 4 brix level, low yield perfomance, patches and greenback fruit color and, in group 6 accessions characterized with with steadiness fruits due to the pericarp thickness, six flowers per inflorescence, with mild greenback and the higher yields.