Determinación de contaminantes orgánicos persistentes en alimentos con alto contenido de grasa como indicador de contaminación ambiental

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dc.contributor.advisorGuerrero Dallos, Jairo Arturo
dc.contributor.authorGarcia Cuellar, Yury Paola
dc.contributor.researchgroupResidualidad y Destino Ambiental de Plaguicidas en Sistemas Agricolasspa
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-19T14:53:12Z
dc.date.available2023-07-19T14:53:12Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramas, mapasspa
dc.description.abstractEn el presente estudio se implementaron y validaron metodologías para la determinación simultanea de contaminantes organoclorados (COs) y bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) en leche bovina y leche materna por el método QuEChERS con algunas modificaciones, por cromatografía de gases con detector μECD y por espectrometría de masas con cuadrupolo simple y triple cuadrupolo. La idoneidad de los métodos propuestos se ratificó con dos materiales de referencia certificados (BCR 188 y BCR 450). La aplicabilidad se llevó a cabo en 50 muestras de leche bovina y 56 muestras de leche materna, procedentes de diferentes departamentos de Colombia. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se realizó un análisis de riesgo con un enfoque determinístico y probabilístico para identificar el grado de exposición a los contaminantes orgánicos persistentes (COPs). Los métodos validados demostraron ser altamente selectivos/específicos, lineales, exactos, y sensibles, permitiendo obtener límites de cuantificación menores a los límites máximos de residuos (LMR) establecidos por la Comisión Europea y el Codex Alimentario. Los COPs encontrados en leche bovina y materna no superaron los LMR, sin embargo, en la mayoría de las muestras se evidenció la presencia de DDE, DDT y algunos PCBs. El análisis de riesgo determinístico efectuado en ambas matrices permitió identificar porcentajes de la ingesta diaria admisible (%IDA) inferiores al 50%, indicando que no hay riesgos potenciales para la salud de la población. Sin embargo, al realizar el análisis con un enfoque probabilístico se obtuvo que el DDE representaba una probabilidad de 1% en leche bovina y 5.3% en leche materna de superar el umbral toxicológico seguro para el grupo poblacional más expuesto que es la población infantil. Los hallazgos de este estudio proporcionan información valiosa para la determinación de COPs como una herramienta para el análisis de muestras indicadoras de contaminación ambiental. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIn the present study, methodologies were implemented and validated for the simultaneous determination of organochlorine contaminants (COs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in bovine milk and breast milk by the QuEChERS method with some modifications, by gas chromatography with μECD detector and by spectrometry of masses with simple quadrupole and triple quadrupole. The suitability of the proposed methods was confirmed with two certified reference materials (BCR 188 and BCR 450). The applicability was carried out in 50 samples of bovine milk and 56 samples of breast milk, coming from different departments of Colombia. Based on the results obtained, a risk analysis was carried out with a deterministic and probabilistic approach to identify the degree of exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The validated methods proved to be highly selective/specific, linear, exact (absolute error less than 20% with the reference materials), and sensitive, allowing to obtain limits of quantification lower than the maximum residue limits (MRL) established by the European Commission. and the Alimentary Codex. The POPs found in bovine and breast milk did not exceed the MRLs, however, the presence of DDE, DDT and some PCBs was evidenced in most of the samples. The deterministic risk analysis carried out in both matrices made it possible to identify percentages of the acceptable daily intake (% ADI) (a parameter that was considered as an exposure indicator), lower than 50%, indicating that there are no potential risks for the health of the population. However, when carrying out the analysis with a probabilistic approach, it was obtained that the DDE represented a probability of 1% in bovine milk and 5.3% in breast milk of exceeding the safe toxicological threshold for the most exposed population group, which is the infant population. The findings of this study provide valuable information for the determination of POPs as a tool for the analysis of indicator samples of environmental contamination.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.researchareaQuímica analíticaspa
dc.format.extentxvii, 110 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84220
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá,Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Químicaspa
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dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/spa
dc.subject.lembPlaguicidasspa
dc.subject.lembPesticideseng
dc.subject.lembContaminaciónspa
dc.subject.lembEnvironmental pollutioneng
dc.subject.lembPollutioneng
dc.subject.proposalQuEChERSspa
dc.subject.proposalContaminantes orgánicos persistentesspa
dc.subject.proposalLechespa
dc.subject.proposalCromatografía de gasesspa
dc.subject.proposalAnálisis de riesgospa
dc.subject.proposalQuEChERSeng
dc.subject.proposalPersistent organic pollutantseng
dc.subject.proposalMilkeng
dc.subject.proposalGas chromatographyeng
dc.subject.proposalRisk analysiseng
dc.titleDeterminación de contaminantes orgánicos persistentes en alimentos con alto contenido de grasa como indicador de contaminación ambientalspa
dc.title.translatedDetermination of persistent organic pollutants in foods with high fat content as an indicator of environmental contaminationeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
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Tesis de Maestría en Ciencias - Química
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Maestría en Ciencias - Química