Caracterización del perfil de ancestría en una muestra de los tres principales grupos etnicos (amerindios, caucasico-mestizos y afrodescendientes) de la población colombiana, utilizando marcadores informativos de ancestría – INDEL

dc.contributor.advisorYunis Londoño, Juan Joséspa
dc.contributor.authorPérez Cárdenas, Jair Arleyspa
dc.coverage.countryColombiaspa
dc.coverage.tgnhttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000050
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-03T19:04:08Z
dc.date.available2024-04-03T19:04:08Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionilustraciones, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractColombia es uno de los países más diversos a nivel cultural y étnico, los diferentes procesos migratorios históricos y dinámicas sociopolíticas del país han permitido que en la actualidad exista una población con diferentes patrones de mezcla derivada de tres grupos étnicos principales: europea, nativo americana y africana. La mayoría de los estudios previos se han enfocado en caracterizar la población caucásicos mestiza colombiana utilizando diferentes tipos de marcadores informativos de ancestralidad (AIM), sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que han analizado las poblaciones amerindias y afrocolombianas. En el presente estudio, se analizaron un total de 153 individuos amerindios (AMR) de 28 comunidades indígenas de Colombia, 164 afrocolombianos (AFC) originarios de diferentes regiones del departamento del Chocó y 150 individuos de ancestralidad mixta (MIX) de la región andina central. Se utilizo un panel de 46 marcadores de tipo AIM-INDEL amplificados en una PCR multiplex única y se analizaron mediante electroforesis capilar con el software GeneMapper ID. Las frecuencias alélicas, el análisis del equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg y el análisis de diversidad y distanciamiento genético (Fst) se calcularon utilizando el software Arlequin (v.3.5.2.2) y Genepop (v.4.6.) La proporción de ancestralidad se estimó a través del programa STRUCTURE (v.2.3.4.21.) Para la población con mezcla, la proporción del componente europeo fue del 57,8%, un 36,3% para el nativo americano y 5,9% africano. En la población AMR, la proporción promedio nativo americana fue estimada en un 95%; el componente europeo fue de 3,1% y africano de 1,5%, observándose algunas diferencias entre las comunidades según localización geográfica. En población AFC, la proporción africana fue la principal con 81,1%, seguida de la proporción europea 10,5% y un 8,4% para la nativo americana, sin embargo, la estimación europea para algunas poblaciones afrodescendientes fue mayor que el promedio, entre un 25-30%. Estos resultados amplían y destacan la diversidad genética que las poblaciones amerindias y afrocolombianas pueden tener entre sí, reflejando sus distintos procesos históricos y culturales. Nuestros resultados indican que ocurrieron diferentes dinámicas de mezcla dentro del departamento del Chocó, lo que sugiere, que no se debería de utilizar una población única afrocolombiana como referencia, ya que grandes diferencias en la proporción de ancestralidad pueden encontrarse en áreas geográficamente cercanas y culturalmente relacionadas. El trabajo presentado aquí contribuye al esfuerzo continuo por documentar la variabilidad genética humana en Colombia, al enfocarse en explorar poblaciones poco estudiadas en análisis previos de estructura genética colombiana. (Texto tomado de la fuente).spa
dc.description.abstractColombia is one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse countries, with various historical migratory processes and socio-political dynamics have led to a population exhibiting diverse patterns of genetic admixture from three main ethnic groups: European, native American and African. While previous studies have predominantly focused on characterizing the Colombian European admix population using various Ancestry Informative Markers (AIM), there have been limited investigations into the Amerindian and Afro-Colombian populations. In this study, a total of 153 Amerindian individuals (AMR) from 28 indigenous communities in Colombia, 164 Afro-Colombians (AFC) originating from different regions of the Chocó department, and 150 Admixture ancestry individuals (MIX) from the central Andean region were analyzed. A panel of 46 AIM-INDEL markers was amplified in a single multiplex PCR and analyzed on an ABI3500 using GeneMapper ID. Allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis, and genetic diversity and distance analysis (Fst) were calculated using Arlequin (v.3.5.2.2) and Genepop (v.4.6.). Ancestry proportions were estimated using STRUCTURE (v.2.3.4.21). In the MIX population, the European proportion was 57.8%, Native American 36.3%, and African 5.9%. Among AMR individuals, the average Native American proportion was estimated at 95%, the European and African proportions were 3.1% and 1.5%, respectively. Nevertheless, some variations were observed among communities based on geographical location. Respecting AFC population, the African proportion was predominant at 81.1%, followed by European at 10.5%, and Native American at 8.4%. However, some Afro-descendant populations exhibited significant proportions from European ancestry ranging to 25-30%. These results underscore the genetic diversity present among Amerindian and Afro-Colombian populations, reflecting their distinct historical and cultural processes. Our findings indicate diverse mixing dynamics within the Chocó department, suggesting that a single reference population of Afrocolombian should not be used due to significant differences in ancestry proportions in geographically proximate areas. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to document human genetic variability in Colombia by focusing on exploring populations understudied in previous structure genetic analyses.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Genética Humanaspa
dc.format.extent80 páginas sin enumerarspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85861
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicinaspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Genética Humanaspa
dc.relation.indexedBiremespa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::611 - Anatomía humana, citología, histologíaspa
dc.subject.decsHerenciapsa
dc.subject.decsHeredityeng
dc.subject.decsInvestigación Genéticaspa
dc.subject.decsGenetic Researcheng
dc.subject.decsGenética de Población/métodosspa
dc.subject.decsGenetics, Population/methodseng
dc.subject.proposalAncestríaspa
dc.subject.proposalGenética poblacionalspa
dc.subject.proposalColombiaspa
dc.subject.proposalEstructura genéticaspa
dc.subject.proposalAncestryeng
dc.subject.proposalGenetic structureeng
dc.subject.proposalPopulation geneticseng
dc.titleCaracterización del perfil de ancestría en una muestra de los tres principales grupos etnicos (amerindios, caucasico-mestizos y afrodescendientes) de la población colombiana, utilizando marcadores informativos de ancestría – INDELspa
dc.title.translatedCharacterization of Ancestry Profile in a Sample Representing the Three Main Population Groups in Colombia (Amerindians, Caucasian-Mestizos, and Afrodescendants), employing Ancestry Informative Markers - INDELeng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantesspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico generalspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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