Evaluación preoperatoria y seguimiento de la evolución postoperatoria en pacientes sometidos a microdiscectomía lumbar y descompresión de canal lumbar estrecho en el Hospital de Kennedy, Hospital del Tunal y Hospital Universitario Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia. Un estudio descriptivo, tipo serie de casos

dc.contributor.advisorArias Guatibonza, Jaime Andelfospa
dc.contributor.advisorRojas Calderón, Armandospa
dc.contributor.authorHernández Gómez, Víctor Jesússpa
dc.contributor.researchgroupNeurotraumaspa
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-27T19:46:39Zspa
dc.date.available2021-01-27T19:46:39Zspa
dc.date.issued2021spa
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To characterize, stratify and evaluate through the Oswestry scale the functional disability generated by low back pain in patients undergoing three open posterior lumbar surgical procedures performed by the Neurosurgery Unit of the National University of Colombia, performing pre and post follow-up. long-term post-operative. Methods: 127 patients were demographically characterized and taken to lumbar microdiscectomy and decompression posterior approach of the lumbar stenosis with and without instrumentation between 2016 and 2019, being followed prospectively for a period of 2 years in which the evolution of functional disability generated by the symptoms applying the Oswestry scale preoperatively, in the first consultation located between 10 and 30 days, at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery. The demographic characteristics of the patients, together with the Oswestry scores obtained, were subjected to statistical analysis, where a mixed model of repeated measures was also performed with an MA 1 autocorrelation structure through the Stata version 15 program to determine significant differences between them. Results: Of the 127 patients, 81 (63.7%) underwent open posterior lumbar microdiscectomy (group 1), 26 (20.4%) had lumbar canal decompression without instrumentation (group 2) and 20 (15.7%) had Lumbar canal decompression with open posterior instrumentation (group 3). In 85 patients, follow-up was possible for 24 months and in 42 for 12 months. In the statistical analysis, it was found that time has a significant effect for the change in the Oswestry score with a significance level of 0.05 (α = 0.05). It was observed that the group that underwent open posterior lumbar microdissectomy achieved better oswestry score values ​​in a shorter time, however, in the intergroup analysis there was no statistically significant difference in the oswestry score with respect to time. Complications were seen in 13 (10.2%) patients and included dural tear, de novo sensory or motor radiculopathy, and persistent disc herniation; complication rates were higher in groups 2 and 3. Conclusion: The classification and postoperative follow-up of patients undergoing lumbar surgical procedures with tools such as the Oswestry scale is safe and allows to assess the surgical results from a functional point of view, so we consider it should be part of the clinical history of each patient , future studies should be carried out for different surgical techniques used in the management of lumbar pathology and that are in continuous evolution.spa
dc.description.abstractObjetivos: Caracterizar, estratificar y evaluar a través de la escala de Oswestry la incapacidad funcional generada por el dolor lumbar en pacientes sometidos a tres procedimientos quirúrgicos lumbares vía posterior abierta realizados por la Unidad de Neurocirugía de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia realizando el seguimiento pre y post operatorio a largo plazo. Métodos: 127 pacientes fueron caracterizados demográficamente y llevados a microdiscectomía lumbar y descompresión de canal lumbar estrecho vía abierta con y sin instrumentación vía posterior entre 2016 y 2019, siendo seguidos de manera prospectiva por un periodo de 2 años en el que se determinó la evolución de la incapacidad funcional generada por los síntomas aplicando a escala de Oswestry de forma preoperatoria, en la primera consulta ubicada entre los 10 y 30 días, a los 3, 6, 12 y 24 meses desde la cirugía. Las características demográficas de los pacientes junto con los puntajes de Oswestry obtenidos fueron sometidas a análisis estadístico, donde además se realizó un modelo mixto de medidas repetidas con una estructura de autocorrelación MA 1 a través del programa Stata versión 15 para determinar diferencias significativas entre ellos. Resultados: De los 127 pacientes 81 (63,7%) fueron llevados a microdiscectomía lumbar posterior abierta (grupo 1), 26 (20,4%) a descompresión de canal lumbar sin instrumentación (grupo 2) y 20 (15.7%) a descompresión de canal lumbar con instrumentación vía posterior abierta (grupo 3). En 85 pacientes el seguimiento fue posible por 24 meses y en 42 por 12 meses. En el análisis estadístico se encontró que el tiempo tiene un efecto significativo para el cambio del puntaje Oswestry con un nivel de significación de 0.05 (α=0.05). Se observó que el grupo que fue llevado a microdisectomía lumbar posterior abierta logro mejores valores de puntaje oswestry en un menor tiempo, sin embargo, en el análisis intergrupos no hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativamente en el puntaje oswestry con respecto al tiempo. Complicaciones fueron vistas en 13 (10,2%) pacientes e incluyeron desgarro dural, radiculopatía sensitiva o motora de novo y persistencia de hernia discal, las tasas de complicaciones fueron mayores en el grupo 2 y 3. Conclusión: La clasificación y segumiento postoperatorio de los pacientes sometidos a procedimientos quirurgicos lumbares con herramientas como la escala de Oswestry es segura y permite valorar los resultados quirurgicos desde el punto de vista funcional por lo que consideramos debe hacer parte de la historia clinica de cada paciente, futuros estudios deben realizarse para diferentes tecnicas quirurgicas empleadas en el manejo de la patología lumbar y que se encuentran en continua evolución.spa
dc.description.additionalLínea de Investigación: Cirugía de Columnaspa
dc.description.degreelevelEspecialidades Médicasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/78945
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Medicina - Especialidad en Neurocirugíaspa
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dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacionalspa
dc.rights.spaAcceso abiertospa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.ddc617 - Cirugía, medicina regional, odontología, oftalmología, otología, audiologíaspa
dc.subject.proposalDolorspa
dc.subject.proposalOswestryeng
dc.subject.proposalPaineng
dc.subject.proposalLumbarspa
dc.subject.proposalMicrodiscectomíaspa
dc.subject.proposalLumbareng
dc.subject.proposalMicrodiscectomyeng
dc.subject.proposalHerniaspa
dc.subject.proposalRadiculopatíaspa
dc.subject.proposalHerniaeng
dc.subject.proposalColumnaspa
dc.subject.proposalRadiculopathyeng
dc.subject.proposalSpineeng
dc.titleEvaluación preoperatoria y seguimiento de la evolución postoperatoria en pacientes sometidos a microdiscectomía lumbar y descompresión de canal lumbar estrecho en el Hospital de Kennedy, Hospital del Tunal y Hospital Universitario Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia. Un estudio descriptivo, tipo serie de casosspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Especialidad Médicaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa

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