Adopción del rol del cuidador parental del niño con cáncer

dc.contributor.advisorCarreño Moreno, Sonia Patricia
dc.contributor.advisorEscalante Barrios , Elsa Lucía
dc.contributor.authorLópez León, Angie Daniela
dc.contributor.cvlacLópez León, Angie Daniela [0001669623]
dc.contributor.cvlacCarreño Moreno, Sonia Patricia [0001500023]
dc.contributor.cvlacEscalante Barrios, Elsa Lucía [0001334466]
dc.contributor.googlescholarLópez León, Angie Daniela [Tx-y2AMAAAAJ]
dc.contributor.googlescholarCarreño Moreno, Sonia Patricia [v130RqUAAAAJ&hl]
dc.contributor.googlescholarEscalante Barrios, Elsa Lucía [_bnKFB8AAAAJ&hl]
dc.contributor.orcidLópez León, Angie Daniela [0000-0003-4845-4549]
dc.contributor.orcidCarreño Moreno, Sonia Patricia [0000-0002-4386-6053]
dc.contributor.orcidEscalante Barrios, Elsa Lucía [0000-0002-0776-6733]
dc.contributor.researchgateLópez León, Angie Daniela [Angie-Lopez-Leon]
dc.contributor.researchgateCarreño Moreno, Sonia Patricia [Sonia-Carreno]
dc.contributor.researchgateEscalante Barrios, Elsa Lucía [Elsa-Escalante-Barrios]
dc.contributor.researchgroupCuidado de Enfermeria al Paciente Crónico
dc.contributor.scopusLópez, Angie D [57220162468]
dc.contributor.scopusCarreño, Sonia P [56986452600]
dc.contributor.scopusEscalante, Elsa L [57216241745]
dc.coverage.countryColombia
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-03T16:14:28Z
dc.date.available2026-03-03T16:14:28Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.descriptionilustraciones a color, diagramasspa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción: Los cuidadores parentales de niños con cáncer enfrentan un proceso de transición complejo a adoptar un nuevo rol como cuidadores, lo cual conlleva implicaciones emocionales, sociales y relacionales. En Colombia existe poca evidencia que explique este fenómeno desde una perspectiva disciplinar de enfermería y bajo marcos conceptuales sólidos. Este estudio se orientó bajo el marco teórico de la teoría de las transiciones y la teoría de situación específica de adopción del rol del cuidador de paciente crónico. Objetivo: Explicar las características y relaciones entre la adopción del rol, los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión, percepción de soledad y relación padre/madre-hijo del cuidador parental del niño con cáncer y comprender como viven estas relaciones desde la experiencia de cuidado. Metodología: Estudio mixto secuencial explicativo (CUAN→cual). Se desarrolló en tres fases: 1) Cuantitativa. Estudio descriptivo analítico observacional, con una muestra de 119 cuidadores parentales de niños con cáncer. En esta fase se establecieron los niveles y relaciones entre las variables de adopción del rol, síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, soledad y relación padre/madre-hijo (análisis bivariado y multivariado) y se construyeron modelos de regresión lineal múltiple para ansiedad y depresión. 2) Cualitativa. Estudio cualitativo descriptivo, con una muestra intencional de 6 cuidadores parentales participantes de la primera fase. La información se recolectó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y se analizó a través de análisis de contenido deductivo. Permitió comprender y ampliar los hallazgos de la primera fase. 3) Integración. Conexión de la información CUAN→cual. Se construyeron tres joint displays: integración descriptiva, explicativa y teórica, esta última desde los postulados de la teoría de las transiciones y la de adopción del rol del cuidador. Resultados: Mediante el análisis multivariado se evidenció una asociación significativa entre las variables donde, cuidadores parentales con un alto nivel de adopción del rol tienden a presentar niveles bajos de conflicto, soledad y síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Y una asociación significativa entre las variables donde, cuidadores parentales con una baja de adopción del rol tienden a presentar niveles altos de conflicto, soledad y síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Se construyeron dos modelos de regresión lineal múltiple: 1) La adopción del rol (B=-0.076, p=0.08), la soledad (B=0,182, p=0,005) y el conflicto en la relación madre-hijo (B=0,148, p=0,008) son variables predictoras de síntomas de ansiedad en los cuidadores parentales. 2) La adopción del rol (B=-0,154, p=<0,001) y la soledad (B=0,199, p=<0,001) son variables predictoras de síntomas depresión en los cuidadores parentales. Estos hallazgos se ampliaron y explicaron en la fase cualitativa, donde se evidenció que la experiencia de las cuidadoras parentales de los niños con cáncer implica asumir un rol altamente demandante en todo el transcurso de la enfermedad y tratamiento del niño. A lo largo de esta situación, las cuidadoras presentan síntomas persistentes de ansiedad, depresión, sensación de soledad y conflictos en la relación con sus hijos. Estos síntomas y emociones no solo coexisten, sino que se interrelacionan de manera dinámica. Esto se puede lograr mediante la adquisición de habilidades, conocimientos y el fortalecimiento del vínculo con el hijo, los cuales son elementos clave para lograr la resignificación de su rol en el proceso de adopción del rol. Discusión: Los hallazgos complementan y expanden la teoría de las transiciones y la teoría de adopción del rol del cuidador, aportando evidencia desde el contexto latinoamericano. Se visibiliza la necesidad de intervenciones de enfermería centradas en el cuidador y su bienestar. Conclusiones: El estudio explica de manera integral la adopción del rol en cuidadores parentales de niños con cáncer, ofreciendo aportes teóricos, disciplinares y prácticos que contribuyen al fortalecimiento del cuidado en oncología pediátrica. (Texto tomado de la fuente)spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Parental caregivers of children with cancer face a complex transitional process as they assume a new caregiving role, which entails emotional, social, and relational implications. In Colombia, there is limited evidence explaining this phenomenon from a nursing disciplinary perspective and under solid conceptual frameworks. This study was guided by the Transitions Theory and the Situation-Specific Theory of Caregiver Role Adoption in chronic illness. Objective: To explain the characteristics and relationships among role adoption, symptoms of anxiety and depression, perceived loneliness, and the parent–child relationship in parental caregivers of children with cancer, and to understand how these relationships are experienced within the caregiving context. Methodology: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study (QUAN→qual) was conducted in three phases: 1) Quantitative phase. An observational, descriptive-analytical study with a sample of 119 parental caregivers of children with cancer. This phase established levels and relationships among role adoption, symptoms of anxiety and depression, loneliness, and the parent–child relationship (bivariate and multivariate analyses). Multiple linear regression models were constructed for anxiety and depression. 2) Qualitative phase. A descriptive qualitative study with a purposive sample of six parental caregivers who participated in the first phase. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using deductive content analysis. This phase enabled a deeper understanding and expansion of the quantitative findings. 3) Integration phase. QUAN→qual connection of findings. Three joint displays were developed: descriptive, explanatory, and theoretical integration, the latter grounded in the postulates of the Transitions Theory and the Situation-Specific Theory of Caregiver Role Adoption. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association among variables: parental caregivers with a high level of role adoption tended to report lower levels of conflict, loneliness, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Conversely, caregivers with lower levels of role adoption tended to report higher levels of conflict, loneliness, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Two multiple linear regression models were constructed: 1) Role adoption (B = −0.076, p = 0.08), loneliness (B = 0.182, p = 0.005), and mother–child relationship conflict (B = 0.148, p =0.008) were predictors of anxiety symptoms in parental caregivers. 2) Role adoption (B =−0.154, p < 0.001) and loneliness (B = 0.199, p < 0.001) were predictors of depressive symptoms in parental caregivers. These findings were expanded and explained in the qualitative phase, which showed that the experience of parental caregivers of children with cancer involves assuming a highly demanding role throughout the child’s illness and treatment trajectory. During this process, caregivers experience persistent symptoms of anxiety and depression, feelings of loneliness, and conflicts in relationship with their children. These symptoms and emotions not only coexist but dynamically interact. The process of role redefinition can be facilitated through the acquisition of skills and knowledge and by strengthening the bond with the child, which are key elements in the re-signification of the caregiving role during role adoption. Discussion: The findings complement and expand the Transitions Theory and the Situation-Specific Theory of Caregiver Role Adoption, providing evidence from the Latin American context. The results highlight the need for nursing interventions focused on the caregiver and their well-being. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive explanation of role adoption among parental caregivers of children with cancer, offering theoretical, disciplinary, and practical contributions that strengthen pediatric oncology nursing care.eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctora en Enfermería
dc.description.methodsEstudio mixto secuencial explicativo
dc.description.researchareaCuidado transicional en situaciones de cáncer infantil
dc.format.extentxviii, 242 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiaspa
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/spa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/89711
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisher.branchUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Enfermería
dc.publisher.placeBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBogotá - Enfermería - Doctorado en Enfermería
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::615 - Farmacología y terapéutica
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::616 - Enfermedades
dc.subject.ddc610 - Medicina y salud::618 - Ginecología, obstetricia, pediatría, geriatría
dc.subject.decsCarga del Cuidadorspa
dc.subject.decsCaregiver Burdeneng
dc.subject.decsCuidadoresspa
dc.subject.decsCaregiverseng
dc.subject.decsResponsabilidad Parentspa
dc.subject.decsParentingeng
dc.subject.decsNeoplasiasspa
dc.subject.decsNeoplasmseng
dc.subject.proposalAdopción del rolspa
dc.subject.proposalTransicionesspa
dc.subject.proposalCáncer infantilspa
dc.subject.proposalCuidadores parentalesspa
dc.subject.proposalEstudio mixtospa
dc.subject.proposalRole adoptioneng
dc.subject.proposalTransitionseng
dc.subject.proposalChildhood cancereng
dc.subject.proposalParental caregiverseng
dc.subject.proposalMixed-methods studyeng
dc.titleAdopción del rol del cuidador parental del niño con cáncerspa
dc.title.translatedAdoption of the parental caregiver role of the child with Cancereng
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.contentDataPaper
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TD
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentInvestigadores
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentEstudiantes
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentMaestros
dcterms.audience.professionaldevelopmentPúblico general
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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